{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T06:24:50Z","timestamp":1787207090927,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The aim of this study was to develop and apply an exploratory country\u2010level Helium\u2013MRI Vulnerability Index (HMVI) to assess structural vulnerability of MRI services to helium supply\u2010chain disruption. This cross\u2010sectional ecological study used publicly available country\u2010level data from the World Health Organization, World Bank, Organisation for Economic Co\u2010operation and Development and US Geological Survey. The global HMVI combined three components: MRI infrastructure dependence, helium supply exposure and health\u2010system resilience. MRI dependence was scored by tertiles of MRI units per million population, helium exposure by national helium production status and resilience by tertiles of current health expenditure per capita. Scores ranged from 0 to 6 and were categorised as low (0\u20132), moderate (3 and 4) or high (5 and 6) vulnerability. A secondary full HMVI incorporating MRI examinations per 1000 population was calculated for countries with available examination volume data. The global analysis included 140 countries; China and India could not be included because MRI\u2010density data were unavailable. The mean global HMVI was 3.94\u2009\u00b1\u20090.70, with a median of 4 and an observed range of 2\u20135. Six countries were classified as low vulnerability, 110 as moderate vulnerability and 24 as high vulnerability. HMVI scores differed significantly across WHO regions (Kruskal\u2013Wallis\n                    <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200915.150,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0097) and World Bank income groups (\n                    <jats:italic>H<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u200913.396,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0039). High\u2010vulnerability countries had lower median health expenditure per capita than non\u2010high\u2010vulnerability countries (240.70 vs. 556.28 USD,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0051), whereas MRI density did not differ significantly (1.17 vs. 1.51 MRI units per million population,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.3751). The full HMVI subgroup included 24 countries, of which eight were classified as high vulnerability. Sensitivity analysis, excluding countries with 2013 MRI\u2010density data, retained 52 countries and identified five as high vulnerability. The HMVI provides an exploratory framework for characterising structural vulnerability of MRI services to helium supply\u2010chain disruption. Vulnerability was shaped not by MRI density alone, but by the interaction between imaging capacity, helium supply exposure and health\u2010system financial resilience. Updated scanner\u2010level data, including helium consumption and low\u2010helium system adoption, are needed to refine future assessments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.70370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T08:33:46Z","timestamp":1786523626000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Helium Supply\u2010Chain Vulnerability of MRI Services: A Global Ecological Analysis of Imaging Capacity and Health\u2010System Resilience"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0244-7765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakan","family":"Ayyildiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Basaksehir Cam and Sakura City Hospital  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4086-675X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sukru Mehmet","family":"Erturk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine  Istanbul T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4992"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26638"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-bioeng-110122-022903"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41747-025-00638-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2018.30.240.14000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4846"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26942"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4921"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.28994"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","article-title":"A Narrative Review of Advancements in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Technology: Evaluating the Shift From Helium\u2010Cooled to Helium\u2010Free Systems","volume":"17","author":"Alenezi M. 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