{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T10:03:13Z","timestamp":1789639393702,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787443200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006323","name":"National Institute for Physiological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21535"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21535"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006323","name":"National Institute for Physiological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22NIPS620"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22NIPS620"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006323","name":"National Institute for Physiological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23NIPS606"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23NIPS606"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006323","name":"National Institute for Physiological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24NIPS626"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24NIPS626"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006323","name":"National Institute for Physiological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25NIPS613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25NIPS613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006323","name":"National Institute for Physiological Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26NIPS613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26NIPS613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ultra\u2010high\u2010field 7\u2010T\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010MRS resolves the bis\u2010allylic resonance at 2.8\u2009ppm, a marker present only in fatty acids (FAs) with two or more double bonds, enabling distinction between monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in IMCL that is not achievable at 3\u2009T. The objective of this study was to determine the relative proportions of saturated (SFA), MUFA, and PUFA in IMCL in\u00a0vivo using 7\u2010T\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010MRS. To further improve the precision of this fitting, we acquired high\u2010resolution 600\u2010MHz\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010NMR spectra of representative FA species and incorporated their chemical shifts as prior knowledge in the spectral fitting model. Five predominant FAs\u2014oleic, palmitic, linoleic, and \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010linolenic acids, which together represent the major FA species in human skeletal muscle triglycerides\u2014were analyzed via 600\u2010MHz NMR to determine precise chemical shifts for methyl (\u2013CH\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), allylic (\u2013CH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013CH=CH\u2013), and bis\u2010allylic (=CH\u2013CH\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2013CH=) protons. The NMR spectra revealed distinct shifts: linoleic acid (0.891, 2.044, and 2.782\u2009ppm), oleic acid (0.878 and 2.002\u2009ppm), palmitic acid (0.880\u2009ppm), \u03b1\u2010linolenic acid (0.976, 2.064, and 2.807\u2009ppm), and \u03b3\u2010linolenic acid (0.889, 2.074, and 2.808\u2009ppm). These values were subsequently fitted to in\u00a0vivo 7\u2010T\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010MRS spectra (range of 0.90\u20135.55\u2009ppm) acquired from the tibialis anterior of 11 healthy volunteers. Using specialized analysis software, IMCL peaks for methyl (0.90 and 1.00\u2009ppm), allylic (2.02 and 2.06\u2009ppm), and bis\u2010allylic (2.78 and 2.82\u2009ppm) protons were incorporated into the spectral fitting model, enabling improved characterization of FA composition. The mean relative composition of intramyocellular FAs was 36% palmitic acid, 27% oleic acid, and 23% linoleic acid (including \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b3\u2010linolenic acids). Our findings demonstrate that incorporating NMR\u2010derived prior knowledge enables chemically specific fitting of intramyocellular FA peaks, allowing distinction between SFA, MUFA, and PUFA components within the intramyocellular compartment\u2014information that cannot be obtained from biopsy\u2010based homogenate analysis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.70376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T06:52:00Z","timestamp":1787554320000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vivo Assessment of Human Intramyocellular Fatty Acid Composition Using 7\u2009T"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5276-4622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maya","family":"Hioki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Care and Medical Sports Department of Rehabilitation Physical Therapy Major Teikyo Heisei University  Ichihara Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9852-1864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahiro","family":"Umeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meiji University of Integrative Medicine  Nantan Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9185-0903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuko","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Brain Function information National Institute for Physiological Sciences  Okazaki Aichi Japan"},{"name":"Core for Spin Life Sciences, Okazaki Collaborative Platform National Institutes of Natural Sciences  Okazaki Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1010-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaki","family":"Fukunaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Brain Function information National Institute for Physiological Sciences  Okazaki Aichi Japan"},{"name":"Core for Spin Life Sciences, Okazaki Collaborative Platform National Institutes of Natural Sciences  Okazaki Japan"},{"name":"Physiological Science Program, Graduate Institute for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI  Hayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-015-0123-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2023.1211151"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01438.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.abb.2003.08.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.2001.280.2.E229"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","unstructured":"National Institute of Health and Office of Dietary Supplements \u201cOmega\u20103 Fatty Acids \u201d U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2024) accessed December 20 2024 https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Omega3FattyAcids\u2010HealthProfessional\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2016.2925"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2012.05.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods14193299"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11092200"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103305"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1096"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.4266"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.1910290203"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-018-4005-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2012.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","first-page":"201","volume-title":"Fat and Oils","author":"Lichtenstein A. 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