{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:01:14Z","timestamp":1791226874509,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["NMR in Biomedicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    An optimized phosphorous (\n                    <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>\n                    P) three\u2010dimensional chemical\u2010shift imaging (3D\u2010CSI) protocol was developed at 4\u2005T to study the phospholipid metabolism from discrete regions in the human brain without the need for\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010decoupling or nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE). In this study, a spherically bound, weighted average, random point omission 3D\u2010CSI technique was developed and tested, based on methods proposed in the literature. The technique yields a significant (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2005&lt;\u20050.001, two\u2010tailed, 5% confidence level) increase in signal\u2010to\u2010noise (SNR) efficiency over conventional 3D\u2010CSI (phantom 32%), without an increase in voxel bleedthrough. An automated time\u2010domain fitting procedure utilizing prior spectral knowledge quantified the individual brain phospholipid metabolites from 15\u2005cm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    effective (8.0\u2005cm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    nominal) volumes from the left\/right\u2010parieto\u2010occipital cortex and left\/right thalamus in 10 normal volunteers. Individual constituents from the phosphomonoester (PME) region; phosphoethanolamine (PEth), phosphocholine (PCh) and the phosphodiester (PDE) region; glycerophosphoethanolamine (GPEth), glycerophosphocholine (GPCh) and membrane phospholipids (MP) were separately quantified to assess the precision of our method at 4\u2005T against previous\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010decoupled\n                    <jats:sup>31<\/jats:sup>\n                    P\u2010MRS brain studies at lower fields and much larger voxels. Derived concentrations (m\n                    <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\n                    \/l tissue) for PEth, PCh, GPEth, GPCh and MP in the left\u2010parieto\u2010occipital cortex were 0.81\u2005\u00b1\u20050.21, 0.46\u2005\u00b1\u20050.14, 0.74\u2005\u00b1\u20050.30, 1.15\u2005\u00b1\u20050.43 and 1.54\u2005\u00b1\u20050.95 m\n                    <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\n                    , respectively, and 0.94\u2005\u00b1\u20050.16, 0.46\u2005\u00b1\u20050.17, 0.83\u2005\u00b1\u20050.22, 1.14\u2005\u00b1\u20050.40 and 1.26\u2005\u00b1\u20050.78 m\n                    <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\n                    for the right parieto\u2010occipital cortex. Derived concentrations (m\n                    <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\n                    \/l tissue) for PEth, PCh, GPEth, GPCh and MP in the left\u2010thalamus were 0.69\u2005\u00b1\u20050.18, 0.42\u2005\u00b1\u20050.16, 0.63\u2005\u00b1\u20050.20, 1.05\u2005\u00b1\u20050.42 and 0.93\u2005\u00b1\u20050.56\u2005m\n                    <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\n                    , respectively, and 0.68\u2005\u00b1\u20050.24, 0.34\u2005\u00b1\u20050.18, 0.60\u2005\u00b1\u20050.23, 1.09\u2005\u00b1\u20050.36 and 0.74\u2005\u00b1\u20050.48 m\n                    <jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>\n                    for the right\u2010thalamus. This is the first study to our knowledge that has been able to quantify each of these individual phospholipid metabolites from such small voxels in the brain within a clinically reasonable scan time and without\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    H\u2010decoupling or NOE. Copyright \u00a9 2002 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,26]],"date-time":"2002-08-26T21:28:02Z","timestamp":1030397282000},"page":"338-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["<i>In vivo<\/i>\n                    brain\n                    <sup>31<\/sup>\n                    P\u2010MRS: measuring the phospholipid resonances at 4 Tesla from small voxels"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"J. 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