{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T20:38:39Z","timestamp":1789072719848,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aspenjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nut in Clin Prac"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Liquid human milk fortifiers are used commonly in neonatal intensive care. Use of an acidified HMF (A\u2010HMF) is associated with transient metabolic acidosis, but whether growth outcomes differ between infants fed A\u2010HMF vs nonacidified HMF (NA\u2010HMF) remains unknown.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study of 255 infants born at &lt;33 weeks' gestation and \u22641500\u00a0g who were receiving \u226575% fortified human milk on day of life 14, in a level III neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) from May 2015 to December 2018. Infants born before October 2017 (n = 165) received A\u2010HMF, whereas infants born after October 2017 (n = 90) received NA\u2010HMF. We used logistic regression to estimate odds of metabolic acidosis (serum bicarbonate &lt;16\u00a0mEq\/L in the first 21\u00a0days of life) in infants receiving A\u2010HMF vs NA\u2010HMF and linear mixed models to compare the mean size at discharge (weight, length, head <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores) by HMF type. We adjusted models for confounders and accounted for the nonindependence of multiple births.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median gestational age was 28.7 weeks (range, 22.6\u201332.9) and birth weight 1.1 kg (range, 0.4\u20131.5). Infants receiving A\u2010HMF had higher adjusted odds of metabolic acidosis than infants receiving NA\u2013HMF (adjusted odds ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.2\u20136.2). There were no differences between groups in size <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic>\u2010scores at discharge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In human\u2010milkfed, very\u2010low\u2010birthweight infants, fortification with liquid A\u2010HMF may contribute to metabolic acidosis in the first month of life, but this practice does not appear to impair growth through NICU discharge, compared with fortification with NA\u2010HMF.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ncp.10569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T16:30:50Z","timestamp":1598373050000},"page":"1304-1311","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Growth and Clinical Outcomes of Very Low\u2010Birth\u2010Weight Infants Receiving Acidified vs Nonacidified Liquid Human Milk Fortifiers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9836-2004","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika G.","family":"Cordova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Boston Medical Center Boston University School of Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betina","family":"Soldateli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernard","family":"Rosner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaitlin","family":"Drouin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Davitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hunter L.","family":"Pepin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deirdre M.","family":"Ellard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts University  Medford Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4287-0667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandy Brown","family":"Belfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine Brigham and Women's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3552"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2012-303582"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2010.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2004.tb00020.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000442730"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"2204","article-title":"Enterobacter sakazakii infections associated with the use of powdered infant formula\u2013Tennessee, 2001","volume":"287","author":"From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Mead Johnson Nutrition.Enfamil \u00ae. 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