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Current interventions focus on thrombolysis or thrombectomy in the acute stage, and promoting the recovery of neurological function during the chronic stage. However, so far, the effect on ischemic brain injury has been limited. Many patients do not receive timely and effective treatment, resulting in high rates of disability and mortality worldwide. In recent years, basic studies have shown that stem cells and their exosomes have a good effect on the protection of nerve function in ischemic brain injury, which has attracted the attention of researchers. This review describes the progress of the work on the stem cells and exosomes in ischemic stroke, in particular, the promising therapy of exosomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nep3.70012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T11:03:50Z","timestamp":1753787030000},"page":"266-279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The effects and mechanisms of stem cells and exosomes on neurological function protection and recovery after ischemic stroke"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Weihong","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection Capital Medical University Beijing 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