{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T13:55:17Z","timestamp":1776434117948,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770681600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuroprotection"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Stroke remains the leading cause of long\u2010term disability worldwide. Approximately 60% of individuals with chronic ischemic stroke experience persistent upper limb impairment that limits daily activities. The Repair Study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation in patients with chronic ischemic stroke in developing countries, including those with severe upper limb dysfunction, thereby generating evidence to support broader global application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It is a multicenter, triple\u2010blinded, randomized controlled trial conducted across 13 centers in China. Up to 99 participants with upper limb motor impairment, 9 months to 10 years post\u2010stroke, will be enrolled. All participants will undergo VNS implantation (Model G115R\/G115, PINS Medical, Beijing, China) and be randomized 2:1 by a central randomization system to active stimulation (0.8\u2009mA) or sham stimulation (0\u2009mA) paired with standardized upper limb rehabilitation. The blinded phase includes 6 weeks of clinical therapy (three sessions\/week, 90\u2013120\u2009min\/session, \u2265300 stimulation\u2013movement repetitions) followed by 6 weeks of home\u2010based therapy (30\u2009min\/day). Post\u2010unblinding, the active VNS group continues home\u2010based therapy, while the sham group receives 6 weeks of clinic\u2010based therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The primary outcome is the between\u2010group difference in Fugl\u2013Meyer Assessment for Upper Extremity scores at the end of 6 weeks of clinical therapy. Secondary outcomes include additional motor, functional, and quality\u2010of\u2010life measures. Safety will be assessed through adverse event monitoring. The Repair Study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial targeting chronic ischemic stroke populations in developing countries. It supplements the existing clinical evidence by enrolling patients with more servere motor dysfunction and being conducted in a developing country.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT06722677.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nep3.70025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T18:00:56Z","timestamp":1770746456000},"page":"80-93","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Rehabilitation paired with vagus nerve stimulation for motor function of chronic ischemic stroke patients in China: Study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial (Repair 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