{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T23:03:38Z","timestamp":1747177418643},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,26]],"date-time":"2001-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":988243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Neurobiol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The data presented here describe neurophysiological experiments addressing the question of cellular mechanisms underlying the total paralysis of locomotor behavior in crickets occurring after being stung by females of the digger wasp species <jats:italic>Liris niger<\/jats:italic>. The <jats:italic>Liris<\/jats:italic> venom effects have been studied by both <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> recordings from identified neurons of the well\u2010described giant fiber pathway and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> recordings from cultured neurons isolated from the terminal ganglion of crickets. The total paralysis of the prey is characterized by a general block of action potential generation as well as by a block of synaptic transmission. Intracellular recordings from neurons in intact ganglia under single electrode voltage\u2010clamp conditions, as well as whole\u2010cell patch\u2010clamp recordings from cultured cricket neurons consistently show that the block of action potential generation by the <jats:italic>Liris<\/jats:italic> venom is due to a block of voltage\u2010gated sodium inward currents in neurons of the stung ganglia. Furthermore, our data provide evidence that the <jats:italic>Liris<\/jats:italic> venom also blocks calcium currents in identified neurosecretory neurons. On the other hand, outward currents are not affected by the <jats:italic>Liris<\/jats:italic> venom. The <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> recordings suggest that the <jats:italic>Liris<\/jats:italic> venom contains active venom components, which, at least for the observed block of inward currents, do not require a metabolic modification. Because venom application does not affect the ACh\u2010induced EPSPs in giant interneurons, the <jats:italic>Liris<\/jats:italic> venom does not seem to influence the postsynaptic ACh receptors. The possible pre\u2010 and postsynaptic sites of venom action and the functional consequences on synaptic transmission within the giant fiber system are discussed. \u00a9 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. 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