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The venom\u2010induced depolarization of the strech receptor was caused by an increase in membrane conductance to Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>. Black widow spider venom also caused an increase in the frequency of miniature inhibitory postsynaptic potentials recorded in the strech receptor. The ability of BWSV to increase the frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic potentials (MEPSPs) at the lobster neuromuscular junction was dependent on the divalent cation composition of the bathing medium. Ringer solutions containing Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> supported the greatest venom\u2010induced increase in MEPSP frequency, Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and Mn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> supported a moderate increase in MEPSP frequency, while Co<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and Zn<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> blocked this venom effect entirely. Black widow spider venom did not block axonal conduction in lobster walking leg axons or in the axon of the crayfish stretch receptor. The results suggest that in crustaceans, BWSV interacts specifically with membrane of the soma\u2010dendritic region of the stretch receptor and with nerve terminal membrane, causing an increase in Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> conductance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/neu.480130502","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T04:05:52Z","timestamp":1104552352000},"page":"385-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The ionic dependence of black widow spider venom action at the stretch receptor neuron and neuromuscular junction of crustaceans"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"L. 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