{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T07:19:10Z","timestamp":1791271150068,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637193600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>During the Covid\u201019 pandemic, the risk for nurses\u2019 mental health has rapidly increased. The two main goals of this study were the examination of (1) the psychological burden and (2) of suicidal ideation and its associated risk factors one\u00a0year after the Covid\u201019 pandemic begun.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a cross\u2010sectional online survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01311 nurses (96.9% female) aged 18\u201363\u00a0years (<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a030.96, <jats:italic>SD<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a08.48) were assessed for various symptoms of psychological burden, suicidal ideation and behaviour and its risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Almost half of participants (41.5%) reported heightened levels of depressive symptoms, 691 (52.7%) reported a medium to high risk for burnout. One fifth of participants (21.7%) reported suicidal ideation in the past 4\u00a0weeks. The direct contact to people with Covid\u201019 was not related to the extent of the psychological burden. Depression, agitation, perceived burdensomeness and previous suicide attempt were associated with suicidal ideation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]],"date-time":"2021-11-18T11:40:31Z","timestamp":1637235631000},"page":"785-800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Ambivalent heroism? \u2013 Psychological burden and suicidal ideation among nurses during the Covid\u201019 pandemic"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6572-1421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Inken","family":"H\u00f6ller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Northrine\u2010Westphalia Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Forkmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Psychology University of Duisburg\u2010Essen Essen Northrine\u2010Westphalia Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaa106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Beck Hopelessness Scale","author":"Beck A. T.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijop.12671"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","first-page":"190","article-title":"COVID\u201019 pandemic: Stress experience of healthcare workers\u2010a short current review","volume":"47","author":"Bohlken J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psychiatrische Praxis"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","volume-title":"Suicide. Global perspectives from the WHO World Mental Health Survey","author":"Borges G.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","unstructured":"Bundesagentur f\u00fcr Arbeit.Verteilung sozialversicherungspflichtig Besch\u00e4ftigter in der Pflege in Deutschland nach Pflegeart und Geschlecht im Jahr 2019[Cited 2021 May]. Retrieved from:https:\/\/de.statista.com\/statistik\/daten\/studie\/1029877\/umfrage\/verteilung\u2010von\u2010pflegekraefte\u2010in\u2010deutschland\u2010nach\u2010pflegeart\u2010und\u2010geschlecht\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","article-title":"One year of evidence on mental health in the COVID\u201019 crisis\u2010a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","author":"Chen X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"medRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.2056"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/bul0000123"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15078"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17155604"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","volume-title":"Internationale Klassifikationen psychischer St\u00f6rungen. ICD\u201010 Kapitel V (F): diagnostische Kriterien f\u00fcr Forschung und Praxis, 6., \u00fcberarbeitete Auflage unter Ber\u00fccksichtigung der \u00c4nderungen gem\u00e4\u00df ICD\u201010\u2010GM (German Modification) 2016","author":"Dilling H.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0226361"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2009.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-8-105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0b013e31825322cf"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12874\u2010018\u20100470\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","volume-title":"Manual zur deutschen Fassung des Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT\u2010D)","author":"Glaser J. S.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/pas0000110"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30171-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2016.01.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/pedi_2012_26_049"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2011.05.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291701005165"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/014466505X29657"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00024776\u2010200803000\u201000008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2021.1912057"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comppsych.2020.152160"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa385"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","volume-title":"Why people die by suicide","author":"Joiner T.","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/11869-000"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","volume-title":"Clinician mental health and well\u2010being during global healthcare crises: Evidence learned from prior epidemics for COVID\u201019 Pandemic","author":"Jun J.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","volume-title":"Beck\u2010Hoffnungslosigkeits\u2010Skala","author":"Kliem S.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888\u2010018\u20101646\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e3182223c89"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","first-page":"226","article-title":"Die Resilienzskala (RS)\u2013\u00dcberpr\u00fcfung der Langform RS\u201025 und einer Kurzform RS\u201013","volume":"1","author":"Leppert K.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Klinische Diagnostik Und Evaluation"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0005\u20107967(94)00075\u2010U"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2020.e05259"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61483-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.17271"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.23120"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2009.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913\u2010018\u20103541\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215\u20100366(17)30129\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2017.0268"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2008017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215\u20100366(21)00091\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.20com13381"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2011.608758"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.2018.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2016.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","volume-title":"Handleiding Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT)","author":"Schaufeli W.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","unstructured":"Schaufeli W. De Witte H. &Desart S.(2020). Version 2.0\u2013July 20201."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa202"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5811\/westjem.2020.7.48684"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ver\u00e4nderung der psychischen Belastung in der COVID\u201019\u2010Pandemie in Deutschland: \u00c4ngste, individuelles Verhalten und die Relevanz von information sowie Vertrauen in Beh\u00f6rden","author":"Skoda E.\u2010M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Bundesgesundheitsblatt\u2010Gesundheitsforschung\u2010Gesundheitsschutz"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaa124"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1521\/suli.2010.40.3.266"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/ICT\u201008\u20102019\u20100081"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1026\/0012-1924\/a000269"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127\u2010005\u20100941\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0020764020915212"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025358"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of the resilience scale","volume":"1","author":"Wagnild G. M.","year":"1993","journal-title":"Journal of Nursing Measurement"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1943-278X.1992.tb00231.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization.WHO Coronavirus (COVID\u201019). Dashboard 2021[cited 2021 May]. Retrieved from:https:\/\/covid19.who.int\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","volume-title":"Preventing Suicide. A global imperative","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2014"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","first-page":"373","article-title":"World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects","volume":"79","author":"World Medical Association","year":"2001","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ps.202000424"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2019.02.014"}],"container-title":["Nursing Open"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nop2.1130","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/nop2.1130","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/nop2.1130","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,28]],"date-time":"2023-08-28T05:12:46Z","timestamp":1693199566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/nop2.1130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]]},"references-count":71,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/nop2.1130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/nop2.1130","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2054-1058","2054-1058"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2054-1058","type":"print"},{"value":"2054-1058","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-10-14","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-11-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}