{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:09:57Z","timestamp":1790744997105,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002738","name":"Assistance Publique - H\u00f4pitaux de Paris","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002738","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the characteristics of the first Advanced Practice Nurses in France and to compare the French model to international standards.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Common barriers and facilitators to their integration in healthcare provision have been identified internationally. In France, the legislative framework was introduced in 2016, and the first graduates entered the workforce in 2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The French model was examined in comparison with Hamric's conceptual framework and to the International Council of Nurses' guidelines and definitions. A cross\u2010sectional survey was also conducted, using three self\u2010administered online questionnaires. Two were distributed to 2019 and 2020 graduates and a third to the accredited programme directors. The characteristics of advanced practice nursing graduates were described and compared based on employment status and field of practice (primary vs secondary\/tertiary care).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the French model of advanced practice nursing meets Hamric's primary criteria and core competencies, it does not differentiate between Nurse Practitioner and Clinical Nurse Specialist roles. Of the 320 students enrolled in one of the 11 accredited training programmes 165 participated in the survey. Mean age was 40, and mean prior nursing experience was 15\u2009years. By February 2021, 30% of respondents were still employed as Registered Nurses. Barriers to practice included insufficient income generation (primary care), the lack of position creation (secondary\/tertiary care), the physician\u2010dependent patient referral process and delays in prescription credentials approval.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The implementation of advanced practice nursing in France faces several barriers. Legislative adjustments and greater financial incentives to practice seem warranted.\n                      <jats:italic>Relevance to clinical practice<\/jats:italic>\n                      : as in other countries, France introduced advanced practice nursing to respond to the Public Health challenge of improving access to quality health care in the context of increasing chronic disease prevalence and limited resource allocation. Facilitating its integration in the healthcare provision landscape seems paramount.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,28]],"date-time":"2022-09-28T00:45:25Z","timestamp":1664325925000},"page":"1437-1448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Implementing advanced practice nursing in France: A country\u2010wide survey 2\u2009years after its introduction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8162-1121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julie","family":"Devictor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology Department, DMU DIGEST, Beaujon Hospital AP\u2010HP.Nord \u2010 Universit\u00e9 de Paris, INSERM UMRS 1123, ECEVE Clichy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esp\u00e9rie","family":"Burnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine Department DMU Thorax, ORL et Sommeil, Cochin Hospital, APHP.Centre \u2010 Universit\u00e9 de Paris Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatiana","family":"Henriot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multi\u2010Disciplinary Health Center Thoiry France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Leclercq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direction des Soins, Beaujon Hospital AP\u2010HP.Nord \u2010 Universit\u00e9 de Paris Clichy France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Ganne\u2010Carrie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology Department DMU NARVAL, Avicenne Hospital, AP\u2010HP H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Paris Seine\u2010Saint\u2010Denis, Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord, INSERM UMR 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 Bobigny France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2137-6560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelley","family":"Kilpatrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Susan E. French Chair in Nursing Research and Innovative Practice, Ingram School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ljiljana","family":"Jovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Paris, INSERM, UMRS 1123, ECEVE Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3917\/spub.172.0241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/scs.12120"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","unstructured":"Anguis M. Bergeat M. &Pisarik J.(2021).Quelle d\u00e9mographie r\u00e9cente et \u00e0 venir pour les professions m\u00e9dicales et pharmaceutique\u00a0?(N\u00b076; Les Dossiers de la Drees p. 74). DRESS (Direction de la recherche des \u00e9tudes de l\u2019\u00e9valuation et des statistiques)."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","unstructured":"Assurance Maladie (AMELI). (2021).D\u00e9finition ALD.https:\/\/www.ameli.fr\/medecin\/exercice\u2010liberal\/presciption\u2010prise\u2010charge\/situation\u2010patient\u2010ald\u2010affection\u2010longue\u2010duree\/definition\u2010ald"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365\u20102648.2004.03234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"Bucceri Androus A.(2021).Nurse practitioner vs RN salary.https:\/\/www.registerednursing.org\/articles\/nurse\u2010practitioner\u2010vs\u2010rn\u2010salary\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","unstructured":"Caisse Nationale d\u2019Assurance Maladie (CNAM). (2019).Overview of prevalence and health care spending for conditions and treatments covered by the national health insurance schem from 2012 to 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12927\/cjnl.2010.22274"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","unstructured":"Centre des Liaisons Europ\u00e9ennes et Internationales de S\u00e9curit\u00e9 Sociale (CLEISS). (2020).Le syst\u00e8me de sant\u00e9 en France.https:\/\/www.cleiss.fr\/particuliers\/venir\/soins\/ue\/systeme\u2010de\u2010sante\u2010en\u2010france.html#ambulatoire"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913\u2010015\u20100731\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1466\u20107657.2012.01016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/5kmbrcfms5g7\u2010en"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12927\/cjnl.2010.22279"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781394260645","volume-title":"Internet, phone, mail, and mixed\u2010mode surveys: The tailored design method","author":"Dillman D. A.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","unstructured":"Direction de la recherche des \u00e9tudes de l\u2019\u00e9valuation et des statistiques (DREES). (2018).Effectifs des infirmiers par zone d\u2019activit\u00e9 principale mode d\u2019exercice global sexe et tranche d\u2019\u00e2ge.http:\/\/www.data.drees.sante.gouv.fr\/TableViewer\/tableView.aspx?ReportId=3704"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","unstructured":"Emploi\u2010Collectivit\u00e9s. (2012).Grille indiciaire hospitali\u00e8re: Auxiliaire m\u00e9dical \u2010infirmier en pratique avanc\u00e9e \u2010ipa tout grade \u2010 fph.https:\/\/www.emploi\u2010collectivites.fr\/grille\u2010indiciaire\u2010hospitaliere\u2010auxiliaire\u2010medical\u2010infirmier\u2010pratique\u2010avancee\u2010ipa\/1\/6639.htm"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","unstructured":"French Ministry of Health. (2017).National Health Strategy 2018\u20102022 summary[health policy].https:\/\/solidarites\u2010sante.gouv.fr\/IMG\/pdf\/dossier_sns_2017_synthesev6\u201010p_anglaisv2.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","volume-title":"Advanced practice nursing: An integrative approach","author":"Hamric A. 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