{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:03:24Z","timestamp":1753869804810,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022236","name":"Office of Research and Development, University of Botswana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022236","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the experience and understanding of paediatric acute pain management practices by parents\/guardians' of hospitalised children in Botswana.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Descriptive qualitative study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Face\u2010to\u2010face semistructured interviews were conducted in two public hospitals. Data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using thematic analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A convenience sample of 19 parents\/guardians, two fathers, one grandmother and 16\u2009mothers who were recruited in 2019. Six major themes were identified with several subthemes. The themes were as follows: \u2018soldiering on with hope\u2019\u2014representing the parents\/guardians overall general positive outlook; \u2018facing adversity\u2019\u2014highlighting parents\/guardians responses to acute pain management; \u2018acceptance to nonacceptance of the reality of care\u2019\u2014parents\/guardians view on the quality of pain care they received measured against their expectations; \u2018smiles to unending nightmares\u2019\u2014parents\/guardians visualisation of the pain treatment outcomes; \u2018perceptions of child pain\u2019\u2014parents\/guardians' knowledge of pain assessment and treatment strategies that they used or were being used by healthcare providers to their children and \u2018guarded empathy\u2019\u2014highlighting the intricacies of each child's response to pain. Parents\/guardians in Botswana have both positive and negative experiences regarding child pain management in referral hospitals and recognise the need to adequately manage paediatric pain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results show that parents\/guardians in LMIC equally understand the children's pain management and should be involved in decision\u2010making regarding pain management as equal partners. It further highlights the challenges faced by parents due to poorly and inadequately treated acute paediatric pain in hospital units and pushes for hospital policies that ensure that pain is adequately managed for all children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.70170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T01:17:24Z","timestamp":1741742244000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Paediatric Pain Management Experiences of Parents of Children in Botswana Referral Hospitals"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Samuel T.","family":"Matula","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Sciences, School of Nursing University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon Y.","family":"Irving","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Nursing University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine\/Critical Care Nursing The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Steenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia USA"},{"name":"Global Health Center The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine University of Botswana  Gaborone Botswana"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosemary C.","family":"Polomano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Practice University of Pennsylvania School of Nursing  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"},{"name":"Anesthesiology and Critical Care Perelman School of Medicine  Philadelphia 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