{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T09:17:02Z","timestamp":1764235022407,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763596800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030652","name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030652","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the use of patient\u2010controlled sedation with propofol in outpatients with anxiety and fear of gynaecological procedures, considering patient satisfaction, feasibility and costs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n This quantitative study used a descriptive retrospective design.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n This study evaluated patient satisfaction, procedure feasibility and direct costs for PCS with propofol for outpatients with anxiety and fear of gynaecological outpatient procedures. Data including patient age and evaluation of the procedure, as well as procedure\u2010related information describing the type of procedure, duration of the procedure, drugs used, vital signs, interventions and evaluations by staff was extracted from medical records.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n Data was collected from the medical records of all outpatients who completed a gynaecological procedure using PCS with propofol during the period February 2021 until July 2023 at the GC, Vrinnevi Hospital (Sweden).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A total of 128 gynaecological procedures with patient\u2010controlled sedation were performed successfully. Few transient cardiopulmonary events occurred (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200913), and only one needed use of a jaw thrust to resolve desaturation. The feasibility of the procedure and sedation were assessed to \u2018Easy\u2019 (84%, 96%) and no sedation\u2010related cancellations of the procedure were reported. Patients' overall satisfaction was high and they were reported to be \u2018Very satisfied\u2019 in 86% of the procedures. The mean cost per patient was 85% lower when the procedure was completed at a gynaecological outpatient clinic instead of a daycare surgical unit.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Patient\u2010controlled sedation outpatients with anxiety and fear for gynaecological procedures has been shown to be a well\u2010tolerated method of sedation that gives high patient satisfaction, allows procedures to be completed in a high\u2010quality way and has the potential reduce direct costs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Implications for the Profession and\/or Patient Care<\/jats:title>\n Patient\u2010controlled sedation with propofol in outpatients with anxiety and fear of gynaecological procedures may improve patient satisfaction and procedure with the potential to reduce direct costs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Impact<\/jats:title>\n The findings of this study contribute to the growing body of knowledge on patient\u2010controlled sedation (PCS) in gynaecological procedures. By demonstrating that PCS with propofol is feasible, safe and associated with high patient satisfaction, this study highlights its potential to reduce patient anxiety and improve the sense of control during procedures. In addition, PCS may decrease the need for premedication with oral benzodiazepines and reduce referrals to day\u2010surgery units, thereby saving healthcare resources and increasing accessibility for patients. Taken together, the results suggest that PCS can be an important tool in enhancing both the quality and efficiency of gynaecological care.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Reporting Method<\/jats:title>\n Reporting followed the STROBE checklist for cross\u2010sectional studies.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n No patient or public contribution.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.70366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T07:05:09Z","timestamp":1763708709000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Patient\u2010Controlled Sedation During Gynaecological Procedures\u2014Aspects of Patient Satisfaction, Feasibility and Cost Per Patient: Empirical Research Quantitative"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6766-4096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Grossmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Blekinge Institute of Technology Karlskrona Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fredrik","family":"Ahlstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Vrinnevi Hospital Norrk\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katri","family":"Nieminen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences Link\u00f6ping University Link\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","unstructured":"American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA).2018.\u201cPractice Guidelines for Moderate Procedural Sedation and Analgesia 2018.\u201dAccessed August 29 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Flexible Bronchoscopy\u2010A One\u2010Year Experience Regarding Safety, Feasibility and Costs","volume":"11","author":"Grossmann B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Research & Health 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Y.","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicineis"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399\u20106576.2012.02749.x"},{"volume-title":"Fear in Women\u2014En Kvalitativ Studie Av Tio Kvinnors Upplevelser Av Suturering Efter F\u00f6rlossning","year":"2011","author":"Ohlsson M.","key":"e_1_2_14_23_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2150132721992195"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ANE.0000000000005605"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu378"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_27_1","unstructured":"Swedish Association for Anesthesia and Intensive Care.2018.\u201cProcedure\u2010Related Propofol 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