{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T12:01:37Z","timestamp":1785240097916,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782518400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates the degree of the perceived risk of intravenous thrombolysis in acute cerebral infarction among surrogate decision\u2010makers and the factors influencing their propensity to make decisions about thrombolysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An investigation was conducted on a cross\u2010sectional basis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We recruited participants using a purposive sampling technique. All participants were recruited from the Advanced Stroke Centre in a tertiary care general hospital from January 2022 to December 2022. A total of 201 Surrogate Decision\u2010Makers completed the survey. Using a self\u2010designed questionnaire, the instrument of this survey contains three aspects of general information including risk perception level survey, propensity for thrombolysis, and consisting of 18 questions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Risk perception consists of three dimensions: economic risk perception, psychosocial risk perception, and physical functioning risk perception, and each dimension is scored in the range of 3\u201315 points. Higher scores indicate stronger risk perception. The mean risk perception score of acute ischemic stroke surrogate decision\u2010makers was (11.26\u2009\u00b1\u20092.72). The average score of psychosocial risk perception was (10.71\u2009\u00b1\u20092.34); the score of physical function risk perception was (11.00\u2009\u00b1\u20092.37). The highest proportion of those choosing conservative treatment was 46.8%. The percentage of those willing to thrombolize was 27.4%, and those who were unsure about it was 25.9%. The degree of perceived economic risk, perceived psychosocial risk, and perceived physical function risk all had a significant negative effect on the propensity to make decisions about thrombolysis after excluding the confounding interference of different ages, education levels, and monthly per capita household income.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study found a significant effect of risk\u2010perception of the surrogate decision\u2010maker on treatment propensity. Healthcare professionals should pay attention to guiding surrogate decision\u2010makers to establish correct disease perception and risk\u2010perception through effective communication during thrombolysis communication in acute ischemic stroke to relieve their decision\u2010making pressure, shorten decision\u2010making time and reduce Door\u2010to\u2010Needle time to improve patient prognosis and increase the rate of thrombolytic therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study is a questionnaire survey conducted by the investigator and no patient or public participation is required.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The risk perception of surrogate decision\u2010makers is likely to play an essential role in the decision\u2010making process. However, increased risk perception and prolonged thrombolysis are due to a lack of knowledge about thrombolysis among surrogate decision\u2010makers. Generalizing the need for intravenous thrombolysis may improve the rate of thrombolysis and thus provide clinical benefit to patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.70513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T09:33:53Z","timestamp":1782552833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Decision\u2010Makers' Perceived Risk on the Propensity for Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3981-7435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Hospital of the First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Gui'an Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rory Meyers College of Nursing NewYork University  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiru","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Affilated Hospital of Guizhou MedicalL University  Guiyang City Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital  Guiyang City Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Maryland School of Nursing (Shady Grove Campus)  Rockville Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital  Guiyang City Guizhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.612358"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0959\u20104388(02)00301\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V46N2p50"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.16460\/j.issn1008\u20109969.2023.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539\u20106924.1995.tb00308.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(21)00252\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0222839"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X20963042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102019\u2010032482"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2020.101195"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/canjclin.57.3.147"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010021\u201004716\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10499091211001007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2013.1418"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12910\u2010020\u201000517\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15102250"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3182533317"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/CNQ.0b013e318268fde3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747\u20104949.2012.00844.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/21443"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000211"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2021.114267"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913\u2010019\u20104012\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3563507"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stevenson M. 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