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Psychological well\u2010being was considered the primary outcome, while caregiver burden, emotional expression, and coping levels were examined as secondary outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single\u2010group, quasi\u2010experimental study was conducted using a pretest, posttest, and follow\u2010up test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study sample consisted of 30 mothers of children with special needs. Data were collected using an Information Form, Psychological Well\u2010Being Scale (PWBS)\n                      <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                      Scales, Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI), Emotional Expression Scale (EES), and Stress Coping Styles Scale (SCSS). A setting was created for mothers to interact within the group, and 15 different workshops, based on training and art, were offered. At the end of the study, a technical visit was conducted to a women's cooperative to support the economic empowerment of mothers. Data were analysed using numbers, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Repeated\u2010measures ANOVA and complementary Bonferroni tests were used for comparisons of within\u2010group measurements.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Caregiver burden scores were found to be 44.90 in the pre\u2010test, 20.67 in the post\u2010test, and 17.33 in the follow\u2010up phase; a significant and marked decrease was observed over time (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u200969.374,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, Partial Eta Squared\u2009=\u20090.832). Pairwise comparisons showed statistically significant decreases between each measurement phase. In terms of coping styles with stress, the intervention increased self\u2010confident, optimistic, and social support\u2010seeking approaches in the post\u2010test and follow\u2010up phases, while significantly decreasing helpless and submissive approaches. These positive changes were observed to continue in the follow\u2010up measurement. Psychological well\u2010being scores were measured as 345.20 (\u00b173.93) in the pre\u2010test, 361.13 (\u00b173.10) in the post\u2010test, and 382.27 (\u00b173.13) in the follow\u2010up phase; The time effect was found to be statistically significant and very strong (\n                      <jats:italic>F<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009479.324,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001, Partial Eta Squared\u2009=\u20090.943). The findings indicate that the intervention has a high effect size in reducing caregiver burden and increasing psychological well\u2010being and functional coping styles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various art workshops and trainings regarding care burden, psychological well\u2010being and emotional expression are effective and are also recommended for mothers with children with special needs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patient or Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mothers of children with special needs contributed to this study by participating voluntarily in the art\u2010based psycho\u2010training program. Prior to the intervention, participants shared their experiences and needs related to coping with caregiving challenges, which informed the implementation process. Following the program, mothers provided feedback on the content and activities, contributing to the interpretation of the study outcomes. Patients or the public were not involved in the study design, data analysis, or manuscript preparation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      : NCT06535100\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.70534","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T04:30:09Z","timestamp":1776400209000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effect of an Art Practice\u2010Based Psycho\u2010Training Program on Psychological Well\u2010Being, Care Burden, Expression of Emotions, and Coping Levels of Mothers Who Have Children With Special Needs"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2493-3051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Havva","family":"Ka\u00e7an","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Kastamonu University  Kastamonu Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3827-0909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Funda","family":"G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences Dicle University, Atat\u00fcrk School of Health  Diyarbak\u0131r Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7791-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nurhan","family":"Eren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Psychiatry, Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Mental Health and Diseases, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University  Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/jnsbu.2022.215180"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2024.02.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5222\/jaren.2017.1001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_642_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","first-page":"84","article-title":"\u00d6zel e\u011fitimde aile e\u011fitimine y\u00f6nelik bir derleme \u00e7ali\u015fmasi","volume":"24","author":"Arslan A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ekev Akademi Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2023.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10597-018-0343-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","unstructured":"Bildirici F.2014.\u201c\u00d6zel e\u011fitime gereksinimi olan \u00e7ocu\u011fa sahip ailelerde aile y\u00fck\u00fc ile psikolojik dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131k aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki. 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