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Parenting stress, self\u2010efficacy and dyadic coping were assessed. Multiple regression and Actor\u2010Partner Interdependence Mediation Model (APIMeM) were performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mothers and fathers reported similar levels of parenting stress and self\u2010efficacy, but mothers scored significantly higher in dyadic coping. Parenting self\u2010efficacy was associated with stress from observations of the infant's appearance\/behaviour, NICU environmental stress, common coping and perceived partner support. Positive coping mediated the relationship between parenting stress and self\u2010efficacy for mothers but not for fathers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Positive coping buffered the stress\u2010self\u2010efficacy link only for mothers, revealing distinct gendered coping patterns. Parenting self\u2010efficacy was directly associated with infant appearance and NICU\u2010related stress, common coping and partner support. Couple\u2010based NICU interventions should be tailored to gender\u2010specific coping mechanisms. Nurses can promote family\u2010centred, gender\u2010sensitive support, including reducing environmental stressors, addressing appearance\u2010related stress, encouraging common coping and fostering partner support to enhance parental self\u2010efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Reporting Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Public Contribution<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No patient or public contribution.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Implications for the Profession and Patient Care<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on our findings, interventions should focus on reducing stress related to the infant's appearance and the NICU environment, promoting common coping strategies, and strengthening mutual partner support. For mothers, enhancing positive coping may be particularly beneficial, as it mediated the stress\u2010self\u2010efficacy relationship. For fathers, efforts to reduce avoidant coping and encourage active involvement in infant care are recommended. By addressing these specific factors, NICU teams can enhance parenting self\u2010efficacy and foster balanced family adaptation, ultimately improving outcomes for preterm infants and their families.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The protocol of the study was registered at\n                      <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      (NCT05592210) on March 27, 2023\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.70700","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]],"date-time":"2026-07-17T07:27:03Z","timestamp":1784273223000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Parenting Stress, Parenting Self\u2010Efficacy and Dyadic Coping in Parents of Preterm Infants in China: A Dyadic Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-5183-1078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuying","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Shenzhen Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong China"},{"name":"School of Nursing Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3069-8213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanxiang","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Shenzhen Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3091-2741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University Shenzhen Hospital  Shenzhen Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3195-7695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/01939459211002909"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","unstructured":"Arbuckle J. 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