{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:51:44Z","timestamp":1791287504525,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nursing Open"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Aim<\/jats:title>\n To evaluate the effectiveness of NamakBan, a smartphone application for monitoring sodium intake, on blood pressure, dietary sodium consumption, urinary sodium\u2010to\u2010potassium ratio and hospitalization in adults with primary hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Design<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted a parallel randomized clinical trial at the specialized hypertension clinic of\n Shahid Modarres<\/jats:italic>\n Hospital in Tehran, Iran.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Between April 1, 2024, and September 20, 2025, 88 patients with physician\u2010diagnosed primary hypertension were randomized (1:1) to receive standard clinic care (control,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200944) or standard care plus the NamakBan app (intervention,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200944). The app (Android) allowed repeated self\u2010reporting of blood pressure and salt intake, medication logging, and PDF output for monitoring. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 1\u2009month and 2\u2009months. Primary outcomes were systolic and diastolic blood pressure; secondary outcomes were self\u2010reported dietary sodium intake, urinary Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n \/K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ratio and readmissions.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Baseline characteristics were balanced. Compared with the control, the experimental group showed greater reductions in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Self\u2010reported daily sodium intake declined more in the experimental arm than in the control. Urinary Na\n +<\/jats:sup>\n \/K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ratio decreased within the experimental group over time, but between\u2010group differences were not significant. No hypertension\u2010related hospital readmissions were recorded in the intervention group, whereas four readmissions occurred in the control group; however, this difference was not statistically significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n In this RCT, the NamakBan application, used alongside usual care, was associated with modest but statistically significant improvements in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and self\u2010reported sodium intake over 2\u2009months. However, the objective urinary sodium\u2010to\u2010potassium ratio did not differ between groups. The findings should therefore be interpreted with caution: dietary sodium was assessed via unblinded self\u2010report, follow\u2010up was limited to 2\u2009months, the trial was single\u2010centre and the application was available only on Android.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Implications for Patient Care<\/jats:title>\n Integration of such applications into routine nursing and clinical follow\u2010up may improve outcomes and potentially reduce hypertension\u2010related hospital readmissions.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Impact<\/jats:title>\n What problem did the study address?: Inadequate monitoring of dietary sodium intake and limited patient engagement in self\u2010management contribute to poor blood pressure control in adults with primary hypertension. Few randomized trials of sodium\u2010focused applications report an objective biochemical measure alongside self\u2010reported intake or health\u2010service outcomes such as readmission.<\/jats:p>\n What were the main findings?: Use of the NamakBan smartphone application, in addition to usual care, led to significant reductions in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and an improvement in self\u2010reported sodium intake. No hypertension\u2010related hospital readmissions were observed in the intervention group; however, the between\u2010group difference was not statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n Where and on Whom Will the Research Have an Impact?: This research will benefit adults with primary hypertension and inform nursing practice and outpatient hypertension care, particularly by integrating mobile health interventions into routine clinical follow\u2010up and patient education.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Reporting Method<\/jats:title>\n Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT).<\/jats:p>\n No Patient or Public Contribution.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Trial Registration<\/jats:title>\n Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT): registration code IRCT20240207060927N1<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.70909","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T11:03:36Z","timestamp":1791284616000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effectiveness of a Sodium Intake Monitoring Smartphone Application (\n NamakBan<\/scp>\n ) on Clinical Outcomes of Patients Diagnosed With Hypertension: A Randomized Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6403-4748","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohsen","family":"Taatizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran 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