{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T19:33:04Z","timestamp":1761766384195,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009438","name":"National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["26\u201010"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["26\u201010"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009438","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To provide information about psychiatric emergency situations in Japan, we examined psychiatrists\u2019 preference among parenteral medication since intramuscular (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010olanzapine became available and clinical characteristics in patients given <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010olanzapine compared to those given other parenteral medication.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a naturalistic study proceeding over a 1\u2010year period in 9 psychiatric emergency departments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 197 patients, the distribution of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010injections (n\u00a0=\u00a089) was as follows: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010olanzapine, 66 patients (74.2%), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010levomepromazine, 17 patients (19.1%), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010haloperidol, 5 patients (5.6%), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010diazepam, 1 patient (1.1%). The distribution of intravenous (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010injections (n\u00a0=\u00a0108) was as follows: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010haloperidol, 78 patients (72.2%), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010benzodiazepines (diazepam, flunitrazepam, or midazolam), 30 patients (27.8%). Advantages of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010olanzapine over other parenteral medications in efficacy were found as follows: less frequent needs of an additional injection despite no difference in duration until a patient became cooperative for oral administration, and less frequent needs of restraint after the injection. Furthermore, advantages of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IM<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010olanzapine over other injections in safety were found as follows: less frequent appearance of extrapyramidal symptoms, no occurrence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ECG<\/jats:styled-content> abnormality and other serious adverse events except a fall, less frequent needs of an adjunctive anticholinergic drug, and less frequent needs of another kind of drug additionally injected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Olanzapine has rapidly become the first choice of intramuscular medication in psychiatric emergency situations since it became available in Japan, probably due to the advantages in both efficacy and safety. This study reflecting psychiatric emergency practice in Japan may contribute to periodic international comparison of psychiatric emergency practice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,25]],"date-time":"2018-05-25T05:59:03Z","timestamp":1527227943000},"page":"117-123","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A prospective naturalistic multicenter study on choice of parenteral medication in psychiatric emergency settings in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8587-9020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kotaro","family":"Hatta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Juntendo University Nerima Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigemasa","family":"Katayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Seijin Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fumiyoshi","family":"Morikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Asahikawa Keisenkai Hospital Asahikawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Atsushi","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiyoshi","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry The Okehazama Hospital Toyoake Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiko","family":"Fujita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Hyogo Prefecture Kofu Hospital Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takuya","family":"Ishizuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Hasegawa Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chiba Psychiatric Medical Center Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Sudo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Tosa Hospital Kochi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kijiro","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry National Hospital Organization Hizen Psychiatric Center Yoshinogari Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chie","family":"Usui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Juntendo University Nerima Hospital Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science Kanazawa Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshio","family":"Yamanouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Policy and Evaluation National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toyoaki","family":"Hirata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Chiba Psychiatric Medical Center Chiba Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the JAST study group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jcp.0000222516.56143.b1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","DOI":"10.1097\/JCP.0b013e318286be11"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","DOI":"10.1017\/S1092852914000054"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s004060050036"},{"volume-title":"Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) Rating Manual","year":"1991","author":"Kay SR","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00365-7"},{"volume-title":"Evaluation and Diagnosis of Drug\u2010induced Extrapyramidal Symptoms: Commentary on the DIEPSS and Guide to its Usage","year":"1996","author":"Inada T","key":"e_1_2_13_8_1"},{"unstructured":"The Japanese Association for Emergency Psychiatry.Guidelines for Psychiatric Emergency Treatment 2015. 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