{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T05:06:55Z","timestamp":1777698415533,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of new psychoactive substances (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>) has become increasingly widespread over the last decade, in Japan and internationally. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> are associated with a range of increasingly serious clinical, public, and social issues. Political measures to ameliorate the effects of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> in Japan have focused on tightening regulation rather than establishing treatment methods. The current study sought to compare the neuropsychiatric symptoms of patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related disorders across several years. We examined patients who attended specialized hospitals for treating addiction, to elucidate the impacts of legal measures to control <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects (n\u00a0=\u00a0864) were patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related disorders who received medical treatment at eight specialized hospitals for treating addiction in Japan between April 2012 and March 2015. Clinical information was collected retrospectively from medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among psychiatric symptoms, the ratio of hallucinations\/delusions decreased over time across 3\u00a0years of study (first year vs second year vs third year: 40.1% vs 30.9% vs 31.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037). Among neurological symptoms, the ratio of coma\/syncope increased over the 3\u2010year period (7.8% vs 11.0% vs 17.0%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), as did the ratio of convulsions (2.8% vs 4.3% vs 9.7%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The symptoms associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> were primarily psychiatric in the first year, while the prevalence of neurological symptoms increased each year. The risk of death and the severity of symptoms were greater in the third year compared with the first year, as regulation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NPS<\/jats:styled-content> increased.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,10]],"date-time":"2019-04-10T06:40:25Z","timestamp":1554878425000},"page":"119-129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Changes of clinical symptoms in patients with new psychoactive substance (<scp>NPS<\/scp>)\u2010related disorders from fiscal year 2012 to 2014: A study in hospitals specializing in the treatment of addiction"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5228-4699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daisuke","family":"Funada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry National Center Hospital  Kodaira Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health  Kodaira Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1690-6793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuko","family":"Tanibuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry National Institute of Mental Health  Kodaira Japan"},{"name":"Chiba Hospital  Funabashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasunari","family":"Kawasoe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asahi General Hospital  Asahi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Sakakibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tokyo Metropolitan Matsuzawa Hospital  Setagaya\u2010ku Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nobuya","family":"Naruse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Saitama Psychiatric Medical Center  Inamachi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shunichiro","family":"Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kansai Medical University  Hirakatashi Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Sunami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Okayama Psychiatric Medical Center  Kita\u2010ku Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takeo","family":"Muto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hizen Psychiatric Center  Kanzaki\u2010gun Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tetsuji","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mie Prefectural Mental Medical Center  Tsu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2015.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952990.2015.1106551"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2016.01.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2016.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2016.10.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"European Monitoring Centre for Drug and Drug Addiction. European drug report 2016: Trends and development."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"323","article-title":"Survey on the actual situation of acute poisoning caused by so\u2010called \u201clegal herbs\u201d in patients who visited the Japan Poison Information Center","volume":"24","author":"Kuroki Y","year":"2011","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"Legal regulations and actual situation regarding legal herbs","volume":"26","author":"Takano H","year":"2013","journal-title":"Jpn J Clin Toxicol"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00952990.2016.1176177"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","unstructured":"MatsumotoT TanibuchiY TakanoA et\u00a0al.Nationwide survey on the actual situation of patients with substance\u2010induced mental disorders at psychiatric hospitals. \u201cStudy on the actual situation of drug abuse and and current situation and issues regarding systematized social resources for substance\u2010dependent individuals (Principal researcher: Wada K.).\u201d Received the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant for Multidisciplinary Regulatory Science Research Projects for Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices for FY2012; Study Report pp.111\u201344 2013. (in Japanese)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"MatsumotoT TakanoA TanibuchiY et\u00a0al.Nationwide survey on the actual situation of patients with substance\u2010induced mental disorders at psychiatric hospitals. Study on the \u201cActual situation of drug abuse including the use of legal intoxicants drug dependence recovery of substance\u2010dependent individuals and support of their families (principal researcher: Wada K.) A General Overview.\u201d Received the Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant for Regulatory Science Policy Research Projects for Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices for FY2014; Study Report: pp.95\u2013128 2015. (Only available in Japanese)"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","volume-title":"Ministry of Justice: 2017 White Paper on Crime, Current Situation and Measures Regarding Subsequent Offenders","author":"Research and Training Institute","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pcn.12434"}],"container-title":["Neuropsychopharmacology Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fnpr2.12053","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/npr2.12053","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/npr2.12053","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/npr2.12053","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T19:53:21Z","timestamp":1694375601000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/npr2.12053"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/npr2.12053"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/npr2.12053","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2574-173X","2574-173X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2574-173X","type":"print"},{"value":"2574-173X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-10-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-02-10","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}