{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:02:17Z","timestamp":1788346937853,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,25]],"date-time":"2019-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561420800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical trials and meta\u2010analyses have demonstrated the efficacy of high\u2010frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the left prefrontal cortex in treatment\u2010resistant depression. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness of the conventional 37.5\u2010minute vs 18.75\u2010minute rTMS protocol over the left prefrontal cortex in patients with treatment\u2010resistant depressive episode.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirty patients with treatment\u2010resistant depression or bipolar disorder depressive episode were randomized 1:1 to either 37.5\u2010minute or 18.75\u2010minute rTMS protocol groups. rTMS treatment was applied at 120% resting motor threshold with 10\u00a0Hz over the left prefrontal cortex. Treatment sessions were delivered for a total of 3000\u00a0pulses\/d, 5\u00a0days a week, for 4\u20106\u00a0weeks. Patients received a 75 trains with \u201c4\u00a0sec on and 26\u00a0sec off\u201d for 37.5\u00a0minutes or a 75 trains with \u201c4\u00a0sec on and 11\u00a0sec off\u201d for 18.75\u00a0minutes. Severity of depression was rated with the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ\u20109). Remission was defined as a total score of 5 or less on the QIDS. The primary outcome measure was to compare the remission rate between the both groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thirteen of 30 patients (43.3%) showed remission at week 6. There were no significant differences in the remission rate between the conventional 37.5\u2010 and 18.75\u2010minute protocol groups (46.7% and 40.0%, respectively). No seizures or treatment\u2010emergent mania\/hypomania were occurred.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest that, compared with the conventional one, rTMS with 18.75\u2010minute protocol might be equally effective and clinically beneficial in saving the treatment session length. Further well\u2010designed studies are needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,26]],"date-time":"2019-06-26T06:59:07Z","timestamp":1561532347000},"page":"203-208","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effectiveness of high\u2010frequency left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with treatment\u2010resistant depression: A randomized clinical trial of 37.5\u2010minute vs 18.75\u2010minute protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6460-1054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinsuke","family":"Kito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo 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