{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:23:27Z","timestamp":1788305007162,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although electroconvulsive therapy seizure duration has been shown to have limited relevance to efficacy, seizure duration remains important for clinically valid stimulus efficiency. There has been no report on seizure duration using sample entropy with Thymatron (Somatics, Inc), which is widely used in Japan. Furthermore, wavelet transform analysis is also suitable for a seizure because of the wide range of dominant frequencies. Therefore, in this study with Thymatron, the intraclass correlations of seizure duration determined by sample entropy, wavelet transform, and visual determination were investigated to determine whether these methods were applicable for clinical use. Wavelet transform, sample entropy, and the human rater had high intraclass correlations for seizure duration. The present results indicate that wavelet transform and sample entropy can be useful in the clinical electroconvulsive therapy setting, and they may also be suitable for clinical research into the mechanisms of the generalized tonic\u2010clonic seizures related to the efficacy of electroconvulsive therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]],"date-time":"2019-12-31T10:37:44Z","timestamp":1577788664000},"page":"102-106","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Intraclass correlations of seizure duration by wavelet transform, sample entropy, and visual determination in electroconvulsive therapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0500-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hideki","family":"Azuma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive\u2010Behavioral Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haruka","family":"Ogawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive\u2010Behavioral Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erina","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive\u2010Behavioral Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatsuo","family":"Akechi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive\u2010Behavioral Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences Nagoya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12705-5"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"Computer automated versus visually determined electroencephalographic and electromyographic seizure duration","volume":"10","author":"Swartz CM","year":"1994","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","first-page":"158","article-title":"ECT seizure duration: reliability of manual and computer\u2010automated determinations","volume":"11","author":"Krystal AD","year":"1995","journal-title":"Convuls Ther"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"A comparison of visual and computer\u2010generated measures of \u201cseizure quality\u201d","volume":"14","author":"Rosenquist PB","year":"1998","journal-title":"J ECT"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-4825(88)90041-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"GangadharBN DuttDN JanakiramaiahN SadasivanPK.Automation of seizure duration estimation during ECT; use of fractal dimension. 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