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This study investigated the peripheral levels of MMP\u20109 and its association with cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia to see the possible involvement of MMP\u20109 in pathophysiology of schizophrenia, especially in cognitive decline.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We measured the plasma levels of MMP\u20109 in 257 healthy controls and 249 patients with schizophrenia, including antipsychotic drug\u2013free patients. We also explored the possible association between plasma MMP\u20109 levels and cognitive performance in healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, Third Edition (WAIS\u2010 III), the Wechsler Memory Scale\u2010Revised (WMS\u2010R), and the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We found that the plasma levels of MMP\u20109 were significantly higher in patients with schizophrenia, including antipsychotic drug\u2013free patients, than in healthy controls. We found a significant negative association between plasma MMP\u20109 levels and cognitive performance in controls and patients with schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Together, these convergent data suggest a possible biological mechanism for schizophrenia, whereby increased MMP\u20109 levels are associated with cognitive impairment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,5]],"date-time":"2020-02-05T12:28:00Z","timestamp":1580905680000},"page":"150-156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase\u20109 (MMP\u20109) are associated with cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Noriko","family":"Kudo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2100-1881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hidenaga","family":"Yamamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology of Mental Diseases National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Kodaira Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita Japan"},{"name":"Japan Community Health care Organization Osaka Hospital Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamaki","family":"Ishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Neuroscience Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health Chiba 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