{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T03:11:09Z","timestamp":1791083469257,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the clinical characteristics of over\u2010the\u2010counter (OTC) drug abusers in psychiatric practice in Japan.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the attributes, ICD\u201010 subcategory, and comorbid mental disorders of patients who mainly abuse OTC products and compared the clinical characteristics of single product and multiple products abusers, using the database of the \u201c2022 Nationwide Mental Hospital Survey of Drug\u2010related Disorders.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among the 2468 subjects included in this survey, 273 (11.1%) used OTC products as main drugs. Of these, 209 (78.3%) and 58 (21.7%) were classified into the single product group and the multiple products group, respectively. Six were excluded for unknown ingredients. By comparing these groups, we found that many of the multiple products group consisted of young women who were recently treated for drug problems. Many subjects in the group also had a short treatment period. No differences were observed between the groups regarding the ICD\u201010 F1 subcategory, but many subjects in the multiple products group fulfilled the criteria of F6 \u201cdisorders of adult personality and behavior.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>OTC products are easily accessible drugs of abuse for young women in Japan. The results of this study indicate the necessity to reconsider the educational approach for preventing drug abuse, which has focused on illicit drugs. The study also indicates that some OTC products, which contain ingredients banned overseas due to their harmful effects, are still sold in Japan and that abusers for those products exist. Measures by the government are considered urgently needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12415","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T09:19:27Z","timestamp":1706779167000},"page":"176-186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Clinical characteristics of over\u2010the\u2010counter (<scp>OTC<\/scp>) drug abusers in psychiatric practice in Japan: Comparison of single and multiple <scp>OTC<\/scp> product abusers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1690-6793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuko","family":"Tanibuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chiba Hospital  Funabashi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry  Kodaira Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Omiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry  Kodaira Japan"},{"name":"Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Education Joetsu University of Education  Joetsu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2286-8663","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Usami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry  Kodaira Japan"},{"name":"Kitakyushu Municipal Mental Health Welfare Center  Kitakyushu Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research, National Institute of Mental Health National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry  Kodaira Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2710.2002.00416.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/hta11050"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.312.7033.758"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-002913"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2021.657397"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","volume-title":"Monitoring the future national results on adolescent drug use: overview of key findings, 2009 (NIH publication No. 10\u20107583)","author":"Johnston LD","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","unstructured":"Substance abuse and mental health services administration [SAMHSA] results from the 2008 National Survey on drug use and health (NSDUH): National Findings 2009."},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","unstructured":"The National Institute on Drug Abuse at the National Institutes of Health.Monitoring the future. 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