{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:08:49Z","timestamp":1773004129833,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752105600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["202204"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202204"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the relationship between spirituality and long\u2010term methamphetamine abstinence among the participants of a 12\u2010step\u2010based program in Japan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participants were 120 individuals with methamphetamine use disorder who stayed in drug addiction rehabilitation centers in 2016. They were followed up with eight surveys conducted approximately every 6 months over 5\u2009years. The survey data were analyzed using binary logistic regression, where the dependent variable was methamphetamine abstinence for 6\u2009years. The explanatory variables were age, gender, scores on the Drug Abuse Screening Test\u201020 (DAST\u201020), and the Spiritual Rating Scale A (SRS\u2010A), changes in the frequency of group meeting attendance, group involvement, and treatment in a hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Higher spirituality was significantly associated with long\u2010term methamphetamine abstinence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]\u2009=\u20091.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.00\u20131.09). Program involvement was also significantly associated with abstinence (AOR\u2009=\u20092.28, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.37\u20133.79), whereas the interaction between SRS\u2010A and DAST\u201020 scores on abstinence was not significant (AOR\u2009=\u20091.00, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.99\u20131.00).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The level of spirituality may be positively related to methamphetamine abstinence rates among Japanese participants in a 12\u2010step\u2010based program, regardless of the severity of substance use disorder. The study results indicate the importance of spirituality for continued abstinence from methamphetamine, even among those who have a different understanding of spirituality from that in Western countries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.70032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T08:14:27Z","timestamp":1752135267000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spirituality and Continued Abstinence Among Methamphetamine Users in a 12\u2010Step Program in Japan: Data From a Cohort Study of Residential Substance Use Treatment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6520-5666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuma","family":"Ofuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Herefordshire and Worcestershire Health and Care NHS Trust  Hereford UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8906-6230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuya","family":"Shimane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7076-2161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toshihiko","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Drug Dependence Research National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Spiritual Diversity in Social Work Practice: The Heart of Helping","author":"Canda E. 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