{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T08:04:30Z","timestamp":1766390670387,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25FG1001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25FG1001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25FG2001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25FG2001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24K21147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K21147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients' \u201cpain attributions,\u201d or their beliefs about chronic pain causes, critically affect pain experience and recovery, potentially modulating responses to analgesics and psychotropics. Since many pain\u2010mitigating drugs also impact psychological processes and brain functions underlying these attributions, such processes are relevant targets. The Chronic Pain Attribution Scale (CPAS) by Ashar et\u00a0al. (2023) quantifies these beliefs. A Japanese version (CPAS\u2010J) is needed to assess this psychologically relevant construct in Japanese populations. This study aimed to develop and linguistically validate the CPAS\u2010J.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CPAS\u2010J was developed following International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research guidelines, with permission from the original author. The process included forward translation by eight bilingual medical experts, reconciliation by a pain research team, back\u2010translation by an independent translator, review by the original author, and a final consensus discussion to establish the definitive CPAS\u2010J.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The linguistic validation identified challenges in distinguishing \u201ccause\u201d from \u201ctrigger\u201d in Japanese. To enhance comprehensibility, the team combined \u201ckikkake\u201d (initiating factor) and \u201cgen'in\u201d (broader cause\/origin). The finalized CPAS\u2010J assesses perceived causes of pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The CPAS\u2010J was successfully developed through a rigorous process. This tool supports research on pain attributions in Japanese\u2010speaking populations and may improve our understanding of treatment responses by assessing a key psychological dimension of chronic pain that is linked to brain\u2010based processes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.70064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T11:29:32Z","timestamp":1759836572000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Developing a Linguistically Valid Japanese Version of the Chronic Pain Attribution Scale: Translation and Cultural Adaptation Process"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4378-3290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3727-697X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akihiro","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The University of Osaka Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7021-1781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keita","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7098-5971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yukari","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Neuroscience of Pain Jikei University School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-4813-7011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaya","family":"Ueda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Rehabilitation Science Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4039-0520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui Ming","family":"Khoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery The University of Osaka Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka 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