{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T02:33:44Z","timestamp":1781231624254,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sleep disturbance is a common side effect of high\u2010dose steroid pulse therapy (SPT). However, in clinical settings, the impact of this therapy on sleep architecture has not been objectively studied.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate changes in sleep architecture associated with high\u2010dose SPT administration in patients with neuroimmunological disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective cohort study was conducted involving six hospitalized patients with neuroimmunological disorders who were administered intravenous methylprednisolone (1000\u2009mg\/day for 3\u2009days). Objective sleep parameters were assessed on days 0, 1, and 3 using a SleepGraph, a validated portable electroencephalography (EEG) device. Subjective sleep was evaluated using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), sleep diary, and Likert scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep significantly decreased from 71.2\u2009\u00b1\u200936.6\u2009min on day 0 to 9.4\u2009\u00b1\u20098.3\u2009min on day 1 and remained low on day 3 (16.5\u2009\u00b1\u200916.0\u2009min). Total sleep time was also reduced, while non\u2010REM (NREM) sleep remained relatively stable. Two patients who received lemborexant showed partial improvement in their sleep parameters. ISI and PSQI scores did not change significantly, possibly owing to the short observation period.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings suggest that high\u2010dose SPT can markedly reduce REM sleep. Moreover, portable EEG devices could be a practical approach for monitoring steroid\u2010induced sleep alterations. Our findings provide clinical evidence that may help to deepen the objective understanding of sleep during SPT.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.70071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T04:16:29Z","timestamp":1762748189000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sleep Architecture Alterations Following High\u2010Dose Steroid Pulse Therapy: A Pilot Study Using a Portable Electroencephalogram\u2010Based Device"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Endo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Kyoto University Hospital  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Shigetsura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Kyoto 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