{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:49:26Z","timestamp":1782388166963,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775779200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24K21147"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24K21147"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23FA1004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23FA1004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003478","name":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25FG1001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25FG1001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003478","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With the rapid proliferation of heated tobacco products (HTPs) in Japan, understanding pain\u2010related smoking expectancies across tobacco use patterns has become increasingly important. In this study, we aimed to profile these expectancies among adults with pain using the Pain and Smoking Inventory (PSI) and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a Japanese context.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross\u2010sectional internet\u2010based survey in 2024 among 300 Japanese adults with pain who smoked daily. Participants were categorized as combustible\u2010only, HTP\u2010only, switchers (from cigarettes to HTPs), or dual users. Psychometric evaluation included assessment of factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity. We used a structural equation model to examine associations between the latent PSI score and pain\u2010related outcomes. We then conducted analyses of covariance to compare PSI scores across tobacco use groups (adjusted for age and gender).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Psychometric validation indicated high internal consistency (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.93), mixed but essentially unidimensional fit, and expected correlations with nicotine dependence, pain, and psychological measures. The structural equation model demonstrated significant positive associations between the latent PSI factor and pain intensity (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.29,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) as well as pain\u2010related disability (\u03b2\u2009=\u20090.39,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Exploratory group comparisons revealed higher PSI scores among dual users than switchers, reflecting stronger perceived pain\u2013smoking relationships. HTP\u2010only users also showed descriptively elevated profiles similar to combustible and dual users.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pain\u2010related smoking expectancies differed across tobacco product use patterns, with dual users showing higher\u2010risk expectancy profiles. The PSI may serve as a useful tool for screening and tailored intervention in pain and tobacco use contexts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.70119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T03:09:44Z","timestamp":1775876984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pain\u2010Related Smoking Expectancies Across Tobacco Product Use Patterns, Including Heated Tobacco Products: Psychometric Validation of the Japanese Pain and Smoking Inventory"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4378-3290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keiko","family":"Yamada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Medicine Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6839-8962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine  Sapporo Hokkaido Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4691-2317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Naoki","family":"Mizunuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toho University Graduate School of Medicine  Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Fukushima Medical University  Fukushima Japan"},{"name":"Tokyo Kagurazaka Law Office  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1050-3125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takahiro","family":"Tabuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine  Sendai Miyagi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20190199"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-055652"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16234630"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2020-056237"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001874"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0025544"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.05.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000572"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/16506073.2016.1256347"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnac082"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.12516"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0260154"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2022.102031"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2005.04054.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1349-7006.1999.tb00679.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4603(98)00127-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00349-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pms.1984.59.3.974"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274445"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-146-5-200703060-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44192-024-00093-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119147"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.665"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-018-2583-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.126.3.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","first-page":"442","volume-title":"A First Course in Factor Analysis","author":"Comrey A. 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