{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T08:52:06Z","timestamp":1791276726674,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25K13516"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25K13516"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Neuropsychopharm Rep"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Habitual alcohol consumption is a risk factor for hypertension. The alcohol consumption index (ACI), which is defined as the product of mean corpuscular volume, gamma\u2010glutamyl transferase, and high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in blood, has been proposed as a biomarker for estimating individual alcohol consumption. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between ACI and blood pressure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The participants were an occupational cohort consisting of 6 655 men (median age: 51\u2009years). A retrospective cohort study was performed to compare variables at baseline of the study and 5\u2009years later. The participants were categorized by frequency of alcohol intake as non\u2010, occasional, or regular drinkers and by amount of average daily alcohol consumption as non\u2010, light, or heavy drinkers. They were also classified into three tertiles according to ACI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The odds ratios for incident hypertension in regular drinkers vs. nondrinkers [1.71 (95% confidence interval: 1.42\u2009~\u20092.06)], heavy drinkers vs. nondrinkers [1.95 (1.60\u2009~\u20092.37)], and the 3rd vs. 1st tertiles of ACI [1.81 (1.51\u2009~\u20092.16)] were significantly higher than the reference level. The odds ratio for incident hypertension in the 3rd vs. 1st tertiles of ACI remained significant even after adjusting for blood pressure at baseline. In groups of individuals who changed after the 5\u2010year follow\u2010up from regular or heavy drinkers to nondrinkers and from the 3rd tertile of ACI to the 1st tertile, systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels were significantly lower after the follow\u2010up than at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>ACI, as well as alcohol intake, was associated with the risk of hypertension. Decreases in ACI and alcohol consumption after the 5\u2010year follow\u2010up were associated with reductions in blood pressure. These findings suggest that ACI is a useful biomarker of alcohol\u2010related hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Tweetable Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The alcohol consumption index (ACI), defined as the product of GGT, HDL, and MCV, is associated with blood pressure and incident hypertension and may be a useful biomarker for prevention of alcohol\u2010induced hypertension.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/npr2.70166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:20:34Z","timestamp":1789122034000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Alcohol Consumption Index as a Novel Risk Marker for Hypertension"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6142-9976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ichiro","family":"Wakabayashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine School of Medicine, Hyogo Medical University  Nishinomiya Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11906-011-0194-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02694.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jch.12008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.117.008202"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2020.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2019.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.22703"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","first-page":"e212","article-title":"2025 AHA\/ACC\/AANP\/AAPA\/ABC\/ACCP\/ACPM\/AGS\/AMA\/ASPC\/NMA\/PCNA\/SGIM Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines","volume":"82","author":"Jones D. 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