{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T20:32:41Z","timestamp":1762201961070,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Research in Nursing &amp; Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cultural differences, along with various social and political determinants, affect the social isolation experienced by older adults. This study aimed to investigate the factor structure of the Traditional Chinese version of the Friendship Scale (FS\u2010TC) and to assess its psychometric properties in relation to social isolation among Taiwanese older adults. In Phase 1, the scale underwent cultural adaptation and translation before being evaluated for face and content validity by ten older adults and five experts in nursing and geriatric care. Phase 2 involved a cross\u2010sectional study with a convenience sample of 500 older adults from southern Taiwan to establish construct validity, criterion validity, and reliability. Of these participants, 100 were retested 2 weeks later to assess test\u2013retest reliability. The scale\u2010level content validity index was 1.0. A confirmatory factor analysis showed a two\u2010factor structure of the FS\u2010TC, consisting of \u201cconnection\u201d and \u201cisolation\u201d factors. The Cronbach's\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    for the scale was 0.82, while the intraclass correlation coefficient reached 0.96. Convergent validity was demonstrated through significant correlations with the Geriatric Depression Scale, the Social Support Scales, and the Loneliness Scale. The FS\u2010TC showed a sensitivity of 56% and a specificity of 89% for predicting Lubben Social Network Scale\u20106 measured social isolation. An optimal cut\u2010off score of 14.5 was identified for predicting social isolation in older adults. Overall, the FS\u2010TC was shown to be a reliable and valid measure of social isolation, making it a valuable tool for healthcare providers and researchers assessing the severity of social isolation among Taiwanese older adults.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/nur.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T11:39:25Z","timestamp":1757677165000},"page":"714-723","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychometric Properties of the Traditional Chinese Version of the Friendship Scale for Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1964-5900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei\u2010Ting","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Nursing, College of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6316-1002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pi\u2010Ling","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Nursing, College of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1875-8608","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui\u2010Chuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, College of Nursing Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7606-8728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shu\u2010Fen","family":"Wung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Betty Irene Moore School of Nursing University of California, Davis Sacramento California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1495-2550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei\u2010Chao","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, College of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Master Program of Long\u2010Term Care in Aging, College of Nursing Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Long\u2010Term Care Research Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"},{"name":"Center for Neurotechnology and Assistive Technology Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alavi M. 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