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In this study, whether or not modest fructose consumption (3% fructose, w\/v) (which is more closely related to the American lifestyle with regard to sugar beverage consumption) affects copper status, and causes liver injury and fat accumulation in marginal copper deficient rats was investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male weanling Sprague\u2010Dawley rats were fed either an adequate copper (6ppm) or a marginally copper deficient (1.6ppm) diet for 4 weeks. Deionized water or deionized water containing 3% fructose (w\/v) was given<jats:italic>ad lib<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Modest fructose consumption further impaired copper status in the marginal copper deficient rats and increased hepatic iron accumulation. Liver injury and fat accumulation were significantly induced in the marginal copper deficient rats exposed to fructose.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data suggest that modest fructose consumption can impair copper status and lead to hepatic iron overload, which in turn, may lead to liver injury and fatty liver in marginal copper deficient rats. This study provides important information on dietary fructose and copper interaction, suggesting that dietary fructose\u2010induced low copper availability might be an important mechanism underlying fructose\u2010induced fatty liver.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20380","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,20]],"date-time":"2013-03-20T07:26:49Z","timestamp":1363764409000},"page":"1669-1675","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Modest fructose beverage intake causes liver injury and fat accumulation in marginal copper deficient rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Song","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"},{"name":"University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dale A.","family":"Schuschke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Biophysics University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhanxiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition University of North Carolina at Greensboro Kannapolis North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology USA"},{"name":"University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville Kentucky USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr.","given":"William M.","family":"Pierce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W. 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