{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:01:41Z","timestamp":1791615701612,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,7,5]],"date-time":"2013-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1372982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Obesity\u2010related immune mediated systemic inflammation was associated with the development of the metabolic syndrome by induction of the tryptophan (TRP)\u2013kynurenine (KYN) pathway. The study aimed to assess whether this holds true across the lifespan from juvenility to adulthood.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five hundred twenty\u2010seven participants aged between 10 and 65 years were analyzed. Standard anthropometric measures, carotid ultrasound, and laboratory analysis including interleukin\u20106, ultra\u2010sensitive C\u2010reactive protein, lipids, glucose metabolism, neopterin, TRP, KYN levels, and the KYN\/TRP ratio were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overweight\/obese (ow\/ob) adults had significantly increased KYN serum levels and a significantly increased KYN\/TRP ratio. In sharp contrast, ow\/ob juvenile males aged \u226418 years showed decreased, females similar KYN and KYN\/TRP ratio in comparison to their control counterparts. Also, adult ow\/ob subjects with metabolic syndrome showed markedly increased KYN\/TRP ratios contrary to decreased KYN\/TRP ratios in ow\/ob juveniles. Abdominal fat content, characterized by age normalized waist circumference, and not body mass index, had the strongest effect for an increase of the KYN\/TRP ratio in adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>TRP metabolism and obesity\u2010related immune mediated inflammation differs markedly between juveniles and adults. While childhood obesity seems to be dominated by a Th2\u2010driven activation, an accelerated production of Th1\u2010type cytokines may pave the way for later atherosclerotic endpoints.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]],"date-time":"2013-04-26T15:24:47Z","timestamp":1366989887000},"page":"195-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":164,"title":["Obesity\u2010related dysregulation of the Tryptophan\u2013Kynurenine metabolism: Role of age and parameters of the metabolic syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Harald","family":"Mangge","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics, Research Unit on Lifestyle and Inflammation\u2010associated Risk Biomarkers Medical University of Graz Graz 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