{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:27:49Z","timestamp":1784089669148,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,22]],"date-time":"2015-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1421884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The US Army recruits new soldiers from an increasingly obese civilian population. The change in weight status at entry into the Army between 1989 and 2012 and the demographic characteristics associated with overweight\/obesity at entry were examined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>1,741,070 unique individuals with complete sex, age, and anthropometric information contributed data to linear and logistic regressions examining time trends and associations between demographic characteristics and overweight\/obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of overweight (body mass index 25\u2010&lt;30 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) generally increased, from 25.8% (1989) to 37.2% (2012), peaking at 37.9% (2011). The prevalence of obesity (body mass index \u226530 kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) also increased from 5.6% (1989) to 8.0% (2012), peaking at 12.3% (2009); 2005\u20102009 annual prevalence exceeded 10%. The most consistent demographic characteristics predicting overweight\/obesity were male sex, older age, Hispanic or Asian\/Pacific Island race\/ethnicity, and being married. There were no distinct geographic trends.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The US Army is not immune to the US obesity epidemic. Demographic characteristics associated with being overweight or obese should be considered when developing military\u2010sponsored weight management programs for new soldiers.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.20978","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,22]],"date-time":"2015-01-22T08:54:45Z","timestamp":1421916885000},"page":"662-670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Trends in overweight and obesity in soldiers entering the <scp>US<\/scp><scp>A<\/scp>rmy, 1989\u20102012"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Adela","family":"Hruby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition Harvard School of Public Health Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Owen T.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Center for the Intrepid Fort Sam, Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lakmini","family":"Bulathsinhala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig J.","family":"McKinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Performance Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott J.","family":"Montain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J.","family":"Young","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tracey J.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Military Nutrition Division US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine Natick Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","unstructured":"FryarCD CarrollMD OgdenCL.NCHS Health E Stat\u2014Overweight obesity and extreme obesity among adults: United States Trends1960\u20101962 Through2009\u20102010."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"FryarCD CarrollMD OgdenCL.NCHS Health E Stats\u2014Overweight prevalence among children and adolescents2009\u20102010."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2014.732"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED.172.11.1160"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2009.00601.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA547350"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3283471c74"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.007070"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Duration of service after overweight\u2010related diagnoses, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 1998\u20102010","volume":"18","author":"Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med Surveill Mon Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.2623.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqr028"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4278\/0890-1171-22.2.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","volume-title":"Accession Medical Standards Analysis and Research Activity. 2013 Annual Report","author":"Anon","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of the Army.Standards of Medical Fitness Army Regulation40\u2010501."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","volume-title":"The effect of the Assessment of Recruit Motivation and Strength (ARMS) program on army accessions and attrition","author":"Loughran DS","year":"2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-09-00288"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/MILMED-D-02-7508"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","volume-title":"Obesity Education Initiative: Clinical guidelines on the identification, evaluation, and treatment of overweight and obesity in adults: executive summary. 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