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T2 relaxation time was used to quantify gliosis in the MBH and control areas in the putamen and amygdala. Plasma concentrations of testosterone and 17\u03b2\u2010estradiol were measured by liquid chromatography\u2010tandem mass spectrometry. Body composition including visceral adiposity was measured by dual x\u2010ray absorptiometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A negative association was found between MBH T2 relaxation time and plasma concentrations of both free and total testosterone (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.29,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05 and<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.37,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01, respectively). Visceral adiposity exhibited a negative correlation with plasma total testosterone concentration (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009\u22120.45,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.001) but a positive correlation with MBH T2 relaxation time (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.24,<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). The negative correlation between plasma total testosterone and MBH T2 relaxation time remained significant after adjustment for visceral adiposity, age, BMI, and insulin resistance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In healthy men across a range of BMIs, MBH gliosis was associated with higher visceral adiposity but lower endogenous testosterone. These findings suggest that MBH gliosis could provide novel mechanistic insights into gonadal dysfunction in men with obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,21]],"date-time":"2018-11-21T12:24:39Z","timestamp":1542803079000},"page":"1898-1904","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Hypothalamic Gliosis by MRI and Visceral Fat Mass Negatively Correlate with Plasma Testosterone Concentrations in Healthy Men"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Kathryn E.","family":"Berkseth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6505-5657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katya B.","family":"Rubinow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan J.","family":"Melhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary F.","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology University of Washington Seattle Washington USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Rosalynn B. 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