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In the exclusive DEGs found in severe obesity, downregulated DEGs related to the regulation of the defense response to bacterium and cell adhesion, involving pathways related to the immune system, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism, were observed. In the exclusive DEGs from nonobese women with higher insulin resistance, upregulated DEGs mainly related to the regulation of lipoprotein lipase activity, very low\u2010density lipoprotein particle remodeling, lipid metabolic process, antigen processing, and the presentation of peptide antigen were found.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Independent of BMI, higher insulin resistance was associated with a downregulation of duodenal DEGs mainly related to the immune system, inflammation, and xenobiotic metabolism. Also, intestinal lipoprotein metabolism may have a certain relevance in the regulation of insulin resistance in nonobese women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,30]],"date-time":"2020-07-30T06:38:28Z","timestamp":1596091108000},"page":"1708-1717","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Different Expression of Duodenal Genes Related to Insulin Resistance Between Nonobese Women and Those with Severe Obesity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Ailec","family":"Ho\u2010Plagaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de M\u00e1laga\u2010IBIMA M\u00e1laga Spain"},{"name":"Unidad de Gesti\u00f3n Cl\u00ednica de Aparato Digestivo Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Victoria M\u00e1laga Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular, Gen\u00e9tica y Fisiolog\u00eda 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