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Cardiometabolic risk scores were calculated by summing age\u2010 and sex\u2010 standardized <jats:italic>z<\/jats:italic> scores for individual cardiometabolic risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most serum adipocytokine concentrations at birth were not associated with adiposity or cardiometabolic risk outcomes. Leptin and adiponectin concentrations at age 12 years were associated with all outcomes in the expected direction. Adolescents with increasing (\u03b2: 4.2; 95% CI: 3.2 to 5.2) and stable (\u03b2: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.2 to 3.2) leptin concentrations from birth to age 12 years had higher cardiometabolic risk scores than adolescents with decreasing concentrations (reference group). Adolescents with increasing (e.g., fat mass index = \u03b2: \u22121.04; 95% CI: \u22121.27 to \u22120.80) and stable (\u03b2: 0.66; 95% CI: \u22120.92 to \u22120.40) adiponectin\/leptin ratios had more favorable adiposity outcomes than adolescents with decreasing ratios.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort, changes in leptin concentrations and adiponectin\/leptin ratios over childhood were associated with adiposity and cardiometabolic risk scores, indicating that adipocytokine concentrations are potential biomarkers for predicting excess adiposity and cardiometabolic risk in adolescence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T18:39:30Z","timestamp":1621881570000},"page":"1036-1045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Neonatal and Adolescent Adipocytokines as Predictors of Adiposity and Cardiometabolic Risk in Adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3731-943X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catherine O.","family":"Buck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Yale School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7529-0781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles B.","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Kent Memorial Hospital Warwick Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl T.","family":"Kelsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology School of Public Health Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Brown University Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kim M.","family":"Cecil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Imaging Research Center Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio USA"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and Radiology University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi J.","family":"Kalkwarf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Department of Pediatrics 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