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Fiber induces short\u2010chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and SCFA administration is beneficial to host metabolic homeostasis. However, the role of endogenous SCFA signaling in the development of obesity is contentious. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to evaluate the postprandial time course of SCFA production and uptake in healthy (chow\u2010fed), Western diet\u2010fed (high\u2010fat diet [HFD]) obese, and oligofructose\u2010treated HFD\u2010fed (HFD\u2009+\u2009OFS) rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Male Sprague\u2013Dawley rats were maintained on chow or HFD for 5\u2009weeks, with or without supplementation of 10% OFS for 3\u2009weeks. SCFAs were measured in the ileum, cecum, colon, portal vein, and vena cava at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours postprandially.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Postprandial cecal and portal vein SCFAs were decreased in obese rats compared with lean chow controls, whereas no differences were observed in fasting SCFA concentrations. OFS supplementation increased SCFA levels in the cecum and portal vein during obesity. Butyrate levels were positively associated with portal glucagon\u2010like peptide 1 and adiposity and with <jats:italic>Roseburia<\/jats:italic> relative abundance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study demonstrates that obesity is associated with reduced SCFA production, and that OFS supplementation increases SCFA levels. Additionally, postprandial butyrate production appears to be beneficial to host energy homeostasis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,4]],"date-time":"2022-07-04T05:47:45Z","timestamp":1656913665000},"page":"1442-1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Oligofructose restores postprandial short\u2010chain fatty acid levels during high\u2010fat feeding"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Rachel K.","family":"Meyer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adelina I.","family":"Lane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Savanna N.","family":"Weninger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taylor M.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Archana","family":"Kangath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7482-8500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Laubitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1760-4081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank A.","family":"Duca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"},{"name":"BIO5 Institute University of Arizona  Tucson Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn.81.2.341"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db05-1360"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-0433-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2017.09.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522\u2010020\u20100122\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-323071"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nutd.2014.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01040"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-1213"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00346.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db11-1019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature18309"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21307\/pjm-2018-041"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-02103-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508094658"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2018.1526583"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12072127"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114516003627"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2020.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.612344"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ismej.2012.8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3869"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gks1219"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","unstructured":"OksanenJ SimpsonGL BlanchetFG et al.Package 'vegan'. 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