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Participants were randomly assigned (1:1) and stratified by sex to the active tDCS group (active) or the sham tDCS group (sham). Changes in glucose homeostasis were assessed in a 4\u2010hour liquid meal tolerance test, performed before and after the intervention.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010eight participants were randomized (79% with obesity; mean [SD] age 37.6 [5.8]\u00a0years). After the intervention, fasting plasma glucose (mean [95% CI], \u22127.8\u00a0mg\/dL [\u221214.0 to \u22121.6]) and insulin levels (\u22127.7\u2009\u03bcIU\/mL [\u221213.9 to \u22121.6]) decreased in the active compared with the sham. Similarly, the Matsuda insulin sensitivity index increase in the active (4.7\u00a0pmol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00d7\u2009mmol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> [1.6 to 7.8]) compared with the sham (0.6\u00a0pmol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\u00a0\u00d7\u2009mmol<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> [\u22121.4 to 3.2]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Repetitive, active tDCS over the rDLPFC could be a promising noninvasive technique to improve glucose homeostasis in individuals with overweight or obesity on a low\u2010calorie diet, highlighting the importance of investigating this intervention modality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23565","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,23]],"date-time":"2022-11-23T08:37:10Z","timestamp":1669192630000},"page":"2414-2423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation associated with hypocaloric diet on glucose homeostasis in obesity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5841-0465","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"de Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5689-925X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raquel C.","family":"Fitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2811-3619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella R.","family":"da Natividade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1198-3925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda F.","family":"Os\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4486-1641","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula N.","family":"Merello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leonardo de A.","family":"Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7648-7378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poliana E.","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul  Porto Alegre Brazil"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism Hospital de Cl\u00ednicas de Porto Alegre  Porto Alegre Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9996-5600","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Priscila A. 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