{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:14:27Z","timestamp":1787318067903,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694736000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008333","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800007I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800007I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008333","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008333","name":"University of Alabama at Birmingham","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800005I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800005I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008333","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007059","name":"Northwestern University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800003I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800003I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007059","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007249","name":"University of Minnesota","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800006I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800006I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007249","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007241","name":"Kaiser Foundation Research Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HHSN268201800004I"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HHSN268201800004I"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007241","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study examined how cumulative BMI (cBMI) is associated with incident prediabetes in a biracial observational cohort study followed from young adulthood to middle age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Black and White men and women (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094190) from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, ages 18 to 30\u2009years in 1985 to 1986 and free of prediabetes or diabetes at baseline, were followed for 30\u2009years. Cox regression was used to determine how cBMI was associated with incident prediabetes after controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over 30\u2009years of follow\u2010up, 46.2% of the sample developed prediabetes. Mean cBMI was 801.4 BMI\u2010years for those with prediabetes and 658.3 BMI\u2010years for those without (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). After multivariable adjustment, the hazard rate ratio for the highest cBMI quartile was 2.064 (95% CI: 1.793\u20102.377) relative to the lowest quartile. The second and third quartiles did not differ from the first quartile, consistent with a nonlinear trend.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The cumulative burden of higher weight and longer duration was associated with incident prediabetes, but this association was statistically significant only after a higher threshold was reached. Strategies for prevention of prediabetes in middle age may focus on avoiding overweight in young adulthood to limit duration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23866","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]],"date-time":"2023-09-15T05:08:55Z","timestamp":1694754535000},"page":"2845-2852","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Cumulative BMI and incident prediabetes over 30\u2009years of follow\u2010up: The\n                    <scp>CARDIA<\/scp>\n                    study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9920-6257","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pamela J.","family":"Schreiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sejong","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Preventive Medicine University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norrina","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jared P.","family":"Reis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute National Institutes of Health  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine H.","family":"Ingram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellstar College of Health and Human Services Kennesaw State University  Kennesaw Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Lloyd\u2010Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2301-5796","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cora E.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health University of Alabama at Birmingham  Birmingham Alabama USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jamal S.","family":"Rana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Kaiser Permanente Northern California  Oakland California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1535370220915644"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2015.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr522"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpx012"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jey086"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2021.05.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09\u20100259"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008483\u2010198911000\u201000003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/mss.0000000000000278"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780080504"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.National Diabetes Statistics Report.2022Available fromhttps:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/data\/statistics-report\/index.html. 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