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Because dietary essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation has been shown to decrease HS in various populations, this study's objective was to determine whether supplementation would decrease HS in PCOS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A randomized, double\u2010blind, crossover, placebo\u2010controlled trial was conducted in 21 adolescents with PCOS (BMI 37.3\u2009\u00b1\u20096.5\u2009kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, age 15.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u2009years). Liver fat, very low\u2010density lipoprotein (VLDL) lipogenesis, and triacylglycerol (TG) metabolism were measured following each 28\u2010day phase of placebo or EAA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compared to placebo, EAA was associated with no difference in body weight (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.673). Two markers of liver health improved: HS was lower (\u22120.8% absolute, \u22127.5% relative reduction, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.013), as was plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (\u22128%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.004). Plasma TG (\u22129%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015) and VLDL\u2010TG (\u221221%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.031) were reduced as well. VLDL\u2010TG palmitate derived from lipogenesis was not different between the phases, nor was insulin sensitivity (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u20090.400 for both). Surprisingly, during the EAA phase, participants reported consuming fewer carbohydrates (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.038) and total sugars (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.046).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Similar to studies in older adults, short\u2010term EAA supplementation in adolescents resulted in significantly lower liver fat, AST, and plasma lipids and thus may prove to be an effective treatment in this population. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms for these effects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.23988","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T05:40:02Z","timestamp":1709617202000},"page":"678-690","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Metabolic effects of an essential amino acid supplement in adolescents with <scp>PCOS<\/scp> and obesity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3201-5986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Talyia M.","family":"Fordham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology University of Missouri School of Medicine  Columbia Missouri USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazeen S.","family":"Morelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section on Endocrinology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2116-5635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yesenia","family":"Garcia\u2010Reyes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section on Endocrinology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0280-1963","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meredith A.","family":"Ware","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section on Endocrinology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haseeb","family":"Rahat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section on Endocrinology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divya","family":"Sundararajan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section on Endocrinology University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus  Aurora Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9335-9316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly N. 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