{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T15:05:11Z","timestamp":1793804711929,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,15]],"date-time":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757894400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK133465"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK133465"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists (GLP\u20101RAs), approved for type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, may modulate reward pathways and reduce substance\u2010related behaviors. This study assessed the association between GLP\u20101RA use and substance use\u2010related hospitalization in older adults with coexisting T2D and substance use disorders (SUD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study using 2016\u20132020 Medicare data compared GLP\u20101RA initiators with new users of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) or DPP\u20104 inhibitors (DPP4is) among adults aged \u2265\u200965. The primary outcome was hospitalization for any SUD; secondary outcomes included hospitalizations for alcohol use disorder (AUD) and opioid use disorder (OUD). Propensity score 1:1 matching and Cox proportional hazards models were used under an intention\u2010to\u2010treat approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the GLP\u20101RA versus DPP4i cohort (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094920), GLP\u20101RA users had a lower risk of SUD hospitalization (HR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.67\u20130.86) and OUD hospitalization (HR 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43\u20130.96), with a nonsignificant trend for AUD (HR 0.76; 95% CI, 0.53\u20131.08). No significant differences were observed compared to SGLT2is (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20094620).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among older adults with T2D, GLP\u20101RA use was associated with reduced SUD\u2010related hospitalization versus DPP4i use, suggesting potential repurposing for SUD management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T04:15:19Z","timestamp":1757996119000},"page":"88-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["<scp>GLP<\/scp>\n                    \u20101 Receptor Agonists and Substance Use Disorders in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Target Trial Emulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7950-3759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics &amp; Health Data Science Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rotana M.","family":"Radwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grant D.","family":"Scheiffele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huilin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Sheer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Florida College of Medicine  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hsin\u2010Yueh","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Outcomes and Policy University of Florida College of Pharmacy  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pengyue","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics &amp; Health Data Science Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darlene","family":"Adirika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kate","family":"Luong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Pharmacy University of Florida  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics &amp; Health Data Science Indiana University School of Medicine  Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Regenstrief Institute  Indianapolis Indiana USA"},{"name":"Melvin and Bren Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center Indiana University  Indianapolis Indiana USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingchuan","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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