{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T21:17:23Z","timestamp":1788470243126,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]],"date-time":"2026-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771718400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIDDK P30 DK040561"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIDDK P30 DK040561"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U24 DK132733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U24 DK132733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UE5 DK137285"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UE5 DK137285"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study compared\u00a0the diagnostic performance of BMI, waist circumference (WC), and Lancet Commission (LC) criteria for assessing excess adiposity measured by dual\u2010energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in US adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using 2011\u20132018 NHANES data, we included 10,747 adults aged 20\u201359\u2009years with relevant data. We evaluated the diagnostic performance (sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values [PPV, NPV], area under the curve [AUC]) of BMI thresholds, waist\u2010based measures, and LC criteria for excess adiposity, as defined by DEXA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The weighted prevalence of DEXA\u2010defined excess adiposity was 36.4%. CDC BMI thresholds demonstrated 74.6% sensitivity and 82.2% specificity (PPV, 67.0%; NPV, 87.0%). Waist\u2010based measures showed higher sensitivity and lower specificity than BMI; NHLBI WC thresholds produced 88.5% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity. LC criteria performed variably: BMI plus \u2265\u20091 waist measure had 74.6% sensitivity and 82.2% specificity, whereas \u2265\u20092 waist measures had 88.5% sensitivity and 66.8% specificity. The AUC values were 0.876 for BMI, 0.882 for WC, 0.887 for waist to height ratio, and 0.715 for waist to hip ratio.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Waist\u2010based definitions were more sensitive than BMI, whereas BMI provided greater specificity. LC criteria performed comparably to existing definitions. Incorporating WC into screening may improve the detection of excess adiposity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70150","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T03:51:06Z","timestamp":1771818666000},"page":"811-818","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Diagnostic Performance of\n                    <scp>BMI<\/scp>\n                    and Waist Circumference in Detecting Excess Adiposity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"John C.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5382-3500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara E.","family":"Tandar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Warren Alpert Medical School Brown University  Providence Rhode Island USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8498-9674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simar S.","family":"Bajaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4616-533X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fatima C.","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroendocrine Unit, Nutrition Obesity Research Center (NORCH), MGH Weight Center Massachusetts General Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School Harvard University  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15620\/cdc\/159281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20108587(24)00316\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e318233bc6a"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.2704"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"NHANES Response Rates and Population Totals","author":"National Center for Health Statistics","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u201cAdult BMI Categories \u201dpublished March 19 2024 https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/bmi\/adult\u2010calculator\/bmi\u2010categories.html."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"The Asia\u2010Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and Its Treatment","author":"WHO Western Pacific Region, IASO, and IOTF","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","volume-title":"Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: The Evidence Report","author":"NHLBI Obesity Education Initiative Expert Panel on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Obesity in Adults","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","volume-title":"The IDF Consensus Worldwide Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome","author":"Alberti G.","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence \u201cOverweight and Obesity management \u201dNICE Guideline NG246 published January 14 2025 updated January 8 2026 https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng246\/chapter\/Identifying\u2010and\u2010assessing\u2010overweight\u2010obesity\u2010and\u2010central\u2010adiposity."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0177175"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Waist Circumference and Waist\u2010Hip Ratio: Report of a WHO Expert Consultation","author":"World Health 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