{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T09:15:09Z","timestamp":1788340509220,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Glucagon\u2010like peptide\u20101 receptor agonists are increasingly prescribed for obesity. Although generally considered safe, marked appetite suppression and persistent gastrointestinal adverse effects may increase the risk of nutritional deficiencies. Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE), caused by thiamine deficiency, is a rare but potentially fatal neurological disorder that may result in irreversible cognitive impairment if not promptly recognized and treated. Recently, cases of WE associated with semaglutide use have been reported. This study aimed to systematically review published case reports of WE occurring after semaglutide treatment for obesity from an endocrinological drug safety perspective.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and Scopus according to PRISMA guidelines. Case reports were included when semaglutide was prescribed for obesity and the presentation was consistent with WE.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Six cases were identified. All patients experienced prolonged gastrointestinal symptoms and substantial weight loss before neurological deterioration. Common manifestations included altered mental status and oculomotor abnormalities. Outcomes were poor in several cases, including progression to Korsakoff syndrome or death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinicians should remain vigilant for thiamine deficiency in patients with persistent gastrointestinal intolerance or rapid weight loss during GLP\u20101 treatment, as early parenteral thiamine administration is essential to prevent irreversible neurological sequelae.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.70256","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T02:37:02Z","timestamp":1783132622000},"page":"64-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Wernicke's Encephalopathy Following Semaglutide Treatment for Obesity: A Systematic\n                    <scp>PRISMA<\/scp>\n                    Review of Case\u2010Based Evidence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Janice","family":"Bidesie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Psychology Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University  Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Slingedael Center of Expertise for Korsakoff Syndrome Lelie Care Group  Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Long Term Intensive Treatment Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Primary Care Leiden University Medical Center  Leiden the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4441-0365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erik","family":"Oudman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Psychology Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University  Utrecht the Netherlands"},{"name":"Slingedael Center of Expertise for Korsakoff Syndrome Lelie Care Group  Rotterdam the Netherlands"},{"name":"Long Term Intensive Treatment Parnassia Psychiatric Institute  The Hague the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization \u201cObesity and Overweight \u201d accessed June 6 2026 https:\/\/www.who.int\/news\u2010room\/fact\u2010sheets\/detail\/obesity\u2010and\u2010overweight."},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"429","article-title":"Obesity: Global Epidemiology and Pathogenesis","volume":"19","author":"Bluher M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Endocrinology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"109","article-title":"Emerging Cancer Trends Among Young Adults in the USA: The Role of Obesity","volume":"21","author":"Sung H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"559","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery for Obesity: Mechanisms and Outcomes","volume":"18","author":"Rubino F.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-018-3262-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2032183"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.3224"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"1150","article-title":"Effect of Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Placebo as an Adjunct to Intensive Behavioral Therapy on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity: STEP 4 Trial","volume":"44","author":"Wadden T. A.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2206038"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dom.14725"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2021.117482"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70104-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agm149"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"1594","article-title":"Wernicke's Encephalopathy in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: A Systematic Review","volume":"33","author":"Oudman E.","year":"2021","journal-title":"European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2023.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.46.7.593"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","first-page":"151","article-title":"Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency and Associated Brain Damage: A 20\u2010Year Neuropathological Study","volume":"41","author":"Harper C.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Alcohol and Alcoholism. Supplement"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.62.1.51"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","article-title":"Wernicke Encephalopathy Associated With Semaglutide Use","volume":"16","author":"Sheth K.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","unstructured":"C.FosterandA.Kyle \u201cFrom Weight Loss to Neurological Deficits: A Case of Wernicke\u2019s Encephalopathy Stemming From Prescription Weight Loss Medication \u201d EM Resident published July 15 2023 https:\/\/www.emra.org\/emresident\/article\/wernicke\u2010july\u20102023."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0001048112.46649.58"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14309\/01.ajg.0001048128.46369.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430\u2010025\u201001653\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-025-04540-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agn118"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2025.106571"}],"container-title":["Obesity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/oby.70256","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/oby.70256","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/oby.70256","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T08:25:26Z","timestamp":1788337526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/oby.70256"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"S2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/oby.70256"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/oby.70256","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1930-7381","1930-739X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1930-7381","type":"print"},{"value":"1930-739X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-03","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}