{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:45:01Z","timestamp":1773251101831,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) is an increasingly used therapy. However, not all patients undergoing HNS implantation benefit from the treatment, making an improved patient selection a priority. This study investigates whether backscattered ultrasonographic imaging (BUI) can predict the response to HNS therapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Secondary and tertiary hospital.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this multicenter cross\u2010sectional study, we recruited patients who had undergone HNS implantation during their scheduled follow\u2010up consultation. HNS therapy parameters were collected. Standardized submental ultrasonographic examination and home sleep apnea testing were performed. The primary outcome was assessing the response to HNS therapy using ultrasonographic features and preoperative patient characteristics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In total, 62 participants, 49 male, with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 62 (55\u201067) and a median (IQR) body mass index of 27.6 (25.2\u201029.7). The follow\u2010up was a median (IQR) of 19.5 (4.8\u201041.4) months after implantation. The apnea\u2010hypopnea index (AHI) was preoperatively 40.5 (29.8\u201058.0) and reduced at follow\u2010up to 21.0 (11.0\u201035.3). In total, 42% were responders to HNS. Preoperative AHI (34.8\/hour vs 49.3\/hour, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.44) was significantly higher in nonresponders than in responders. The average prediction accuracy of HNS therapy based on baseline AHI alone was 71%. A lower backscatter signal, indicating less fat deposition in the tissue, was observed in the responder group. When the baseline AHI and backscatter signal were combined, the prediction accuracy of response to the HNS reached 78%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The combination of tissue composition analyzed using the backscattered signal and the preoperative AHI is highly predictive for determining the HNS treatment response.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/ClinicalTrials.gov\">ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:ext-link> identifier NCT06154577.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.1251","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T08:37:05Z","timestamp":1744015025000},"page":"2134-2140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Backscattered Ultrasonographic Imaging of the Tongue and Outcome in Hypoglossal Nerve Stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"172","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5666-2092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Tschopp","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Kantonsspital Baselland Liestal Liestal Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital University Hospital and University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vlado","family":"Janjic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Kantonsspital Baselland Liestal Liestal Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yili","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AmCad Biomed Corporation Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Argon","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Industrial Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pei\u2010Yu","family":"Chao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AmCad Biomed Corporation Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Caversaccio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital University Hospital and University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Urs","family":"Borner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Inselspital University Hospital and University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Tschopp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Kantonsspital Baselland Liestal Liestal Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1308659"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.23079"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-019-01923-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28286"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.08.1070"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818762383"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11818-020-00257-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.2658"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5665\/sleep.2732"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2010.26"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WeinerJS MunhallCC KentDT.Supine pharyngeal width is associated with complete concentric palatal collapse during drug\u2010induced sleep endoscopy and hypoglossal nerve stimulator outcomes.Ear Nose Throat J. 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