{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:44:13Z","timestamp":1782164653431,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010 and middle\u2010income countries face substantial healthcare delivery challenges due to specialist shortages. This study assessed POE (Q\u2010Exp\u2010Claude\u20103.5\u20102kk), a multimodal large language model, for diagnostic accuracy and clinical utility in otolaryngology across 63 consecutive patients in rural Kenya. Patients underwent evaluation by both an otolaryngologist and primary care practitioner (PCP), with clinical data and micro\u2010otoscopic images submitted to POE's interface. POE's primary diagnoses demonstrated 79.4% concordance with otolaryngologist findings, while management recommendations aligned in 96.8% of cases. Differential diagnoses were judged plausible and correct in 73.0% of cases. POE demonstrated significantly superior diagnostic accuracy compared to PCPs (79.4% vs 50.8%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.001). Among cases where PCPs failed to establish a diagnosis, POE correctly identified 61.3%. With examination images, POE accurately identified conditions as primary (50.0%) or potential (35.7%) diagnoses, demonstrating value as a clinical decision support tool in resource\u2010limited settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.1335","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T07:54:52Z","timestamp":1750146892000},"page":"1024-1027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Expanding the Capacity of General Practitioners in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa With Artificial Intelligence"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"Jerome R.","family":"Lechien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Phonetics and Phonology Laboratory (UMR 7018 CNRS, Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Nouvelle\/Paris 3), Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Foch Hospital, School of Medicine Paris Saclay University Paris France"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, UMONS Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technology University of Mons Mons Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Elsan Polyclinic de l'Atlantique Poitiers France"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery CHU Saint\u2010Pierre Brussels Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974X18777220"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2473974X18766824"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.897"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.807"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"LechienJR.Large language models as adjunctive tools for diagnosing rare disease in otolaryngology: a controlled study. University of Mons Grands Rounds;2025."}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ohn.1335","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T10:30:20Z","timestamp":1758796220000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ohn.1335"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ohn.1335"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ohn.1335","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}