{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T18:10:02Z","timestamp":1778350202063,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a minimally invasive method with strong tissue selectivity and nonthermal effects. We aim to investigate the efficacy of an in\u2010office method utilizing PDT with local application of 5\u2010aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and 635\u2009nm diode laser for treating laryngeal leukoplakia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Outpatient clinic\u2010tertiary medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study reviewed 32 patients with laryngeal leukoplakia, including 11 recurrent cases after surgery. All the procedures were performed in an office setting under topical anesthesia. Fifteen percent ALA solution was locally applied to the lesion through a flexible laryngoscope. Light illumination was performed using a 635\u2009nm diode laser through a 400\u2009\u03bcm optic fiber. The power density was 165\u2009mW\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> to reach 100\u2009J\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>. Results of laryngostroboscopy and voice evaluation during follow\u2010up were collected.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean follow\u2010up was 7.91\u2009\u00b1\u20094.83 (3\u201018) months. Thirty\u2010nine procedures were performed, including 1 session for 27 patients, 2 sessions for 3 patients, and 3 sessions for 2 patients. The total response rate was 96.875% (31\/32), including complete responses in 26 (81.25%) patients, partial responses in 5 patients (15.625%), and no response in 1 patient (3.125%). It appeared that PDT selectively eliminated the leukoplakia without affecting lamina propria and the surrounding normal mucosa remained unharmed. Scores of Voice Handicap Index\u201010, jitter, shimmer, and harmonic\u2010to\u2010noise ratio were significantly improved after PDT.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Office\u2010based PDT is an effective, repeatable, and practical method for treating laryngeal leukoplakia. Local application of ALA is sufficient to achieve photodynamic reactions. PDT could eliminate laryngeal leukoplakia selectively while protecting the normal laryngeal structure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T05:15:38Z","timestamp":1674105338000},"page":"805-813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Office\u2010Based Photodynamic Therapy Using Locally Applied 5\u2010aminolevulinic Acid and 635\u2009nm Laser for Laryngeal Leukoplakia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"168","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6729-1426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital Capital Medical University  Beijing 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