{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T04:55:40Z","timestamp":1782968140278,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]],"date-time":"2023-03-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess transgender and nonbinary adults\u2019 awareness of Otolaryngologists\u2019 (ENT) and speech\u2010language pathologists\u2019 (SLP) ability to perform various face, neck, and voice procedures for gender\u2010affirming purposes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cross\u2010sectional survey.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Online, from February to May 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We developed a list of nonsurgical and surgical gender\u2010affirming face, neck, and voice procedures. We asked transgender and nonbinary (TNB) adults which procedures from this list they knew could be performed by specially\u2010trained ENTs or SLPs for gender\u2010affirmation and which listed procedures they knew existed as gender\u2010affirming treatment before the survey. We assessed awareness of ENTs\u2019 and SLPs\u2019 ability for each procedure across gender identity using Fisher exact tests. We examined if demographic or socioeconomic factors were associated with the total number of gender\u2010affirming procedures participants knew ENTs or SLPs could perform using univariable linear regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>TNB adults (N\u2009=\u2009234) generally knew these procedures existed as gender\u2010affirming treatment (64%\u201093%). However, TNB adults were largely unaware these gender\u2010affirming procedures could be performed by specially\u2010trained ENTs or SLPs (53% or less), especially procedures unrelated to the voice, neck, and nose (26% or less). Knowledge of ENTs' and SLPs' ability was similar across gender identity for most procedures. Total number of procedures known that ENTs or SLPs could perform did not differ by demographic\/socioeconomic factors (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&gt;\u2009.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings suggest transgender and nonbinary individuals may not know to seek Otolaryngologists or SLP when desiring gender\u2010affirming face, neck, or voice care. Increased efforts are needed to promote awareness of Otolaryngology's role in providing gender\u2010affirming care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Level of Evidence<\/jats:title><jats:p>4.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.328","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]],"date-time":"2023-03-19T15:34:57Z","timestamp":1679240097000},"page":"899-905","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Awareness Among Transgender and Nonbinary Adults of the Otolaryngologist's Role in Providing Gender\u2010Affirming Care Services"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"169","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1952-0626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan S.","family":"Ziltzer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6590-7821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elle","family":"Lett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Transgender Studies  Chicago Illinois USA"},{"name":"Boston Children's Hospital Computational Health Informatics Program  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania  Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6934-9740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"Chambers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6164-9792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roxana","family":"Moayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head &amp; Neck Surgery Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gender dysphoria.Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th Edition.American Psychiatric Publishing Inc.doi:10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596.997927","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596.997927"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691619872987"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocab136"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301507"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2018.0238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2011.700873"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2021.0952"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2019-1725"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-010-9668-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000007883"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","unstructured":"JamesSE HermanJL RankinS KeislingM MottetL AnafiM.The Report of the 2015 U.S. Transgender Survey;2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599818758270"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOO.0000000000000582"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015458.2001.12098617"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000004609"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"Clinician and consumer perspectives on gender\u2010affirming voice services","author":"Moog D","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Voice"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/2020_AJSLP-19-00148"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-017-0295-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-020-01883-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2019.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15532739.2014.995260"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2021.00199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5999\/aps.2021.01956"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ohn.328","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/ohn.328","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/ohn.328","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T09:43:34Z","timestamp":1760953414000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/ohn.328"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/ohn.328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ohn.328","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-11-08","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-19","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}