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Random effect models were applied to obtain pooled proportions and 95% confidence intervals. Primary outcome was the occurrence of major hypocalcemia\u2010related complications. Secondary outcome was long\u2010term hypoparathyroidism.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sixty\u2010six studies comprising 67 treatment protocols and 51,096 patients were included in this Meta\u2010analysis. In 8 protocols (3806 patients), routine calcium and\/or active vitamin D medication was given to all patients directly after thyroidectomy. In 49 protocols (44,012 patients), calcium and\/or active vitamin D medication was only given to patients with biochemically proven postthyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism. In 10 protocols (3278 patients), calcium and\/or active vitamin D supplementation was only initiated in case of clinical symptoms of hypocalcemia. No patient had a major complication due to postoperative hypocalcemia. The pooled proportion of long\u2010term hypoparathyroidism was 2.4% (95% confidence interval, 1.9\u20103.0). There was no significant difference in the incidence of long\u2010term hypoparathyroidism between the 3 supplementation groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>All treatment strategies for postoperative hypocalcemia prevent major complications of hypocalcemia. The early postoperative treatment protocol for postthyroidectomy hypoparathyroidism does not seem to influence recovery of parathyroid function in the long term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,28]],"date-time":"2023-11-28T01:32:45Z","timestamp":1701135165000},"page":"359-372","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Management of Postthyroidectomy Hypoparathyroidism and Its Effect on Hypocalcemia\u2010Related Complications: A Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4745-7978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sam P. 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