{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T17:53:21Z","timestamp":1791654801189,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hearing loss (HL) has been postulated to be linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) via vascular mechanisms, but epidemiological associations remain unclear. The study aims to clarify the association between HL and stroke, coronary artery disease (CAD), and any CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title><jats:p>PubMed, Embase, and SCOPUS from inception until April 27, 2022.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three blinded reviewers selected observational studies reporting stroke, CAD, and any CVD in patients with HL, compared to individuals without HL. We extracted data, evaluated study bias using the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa scale, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010analyses guidelines and a PROSPERO\u2010registered protocol (CRD42022348648). We used random\u2010effects inverse variance meta\u2010analyses to pool the odds ratios (ORs) for the association of HL with stroke, CAD, and any CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We included 4 cohort studies (N\u2009=\u2009940,771) and 6 cross\u2010sectional studies (N\u2009=\u2009680,349). Stroke, CAD, and any CVD were all strongly associated with HL. The overall pooled OR of the association between HL and stroke was 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI]\u2009=\u20091.16\u20101.37, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200978%), and was 1.33 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.12\u20101.58) and 1.29 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.14\u20101.45) for low\u2010 and high\u2010frequency HL, respectively. Minimal publication bias was observed, with minimal change to pooled effect size following trim and fill. Similarly, the pooled OR of the association between HL and CAD was 1.36 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.13\u20101.64, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200996%), while that between HL and any CVD was 1.38 (95% CI\u2009=\u20091.07\u20101.77, <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u200999%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our findings suggest that HL and CVD are closely related. Physicians treating patients with HL should be cognizant of this association and view HL in the broader context of general health and aging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.599","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T09:52:55Z","timestamp":1702029175000},"page":"694-707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Association Between Hearing Loss and Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"170","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4529-2978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claire Jing\u2010Wen","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia Wen\u00a0Tricia","family":"Koh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin Kye Jyn","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang Yi","family":"Woon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital Singapore City Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yao Hao","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Yong Loo Lin 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