{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T16:12:48Z","timestamp":1788797568964,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774742400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Non\u2010echo\u2010planar diffusion\u2010weighted imaging (non\u2010EPI DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has revolutionized postoperative cholesteatoma follow\u2010up, shifting from surgical to radiological evaluation. Yet, the timing for postoperative imaging remains contentious. This meta\u2010analysis assesses the optimal follow\u2010up interval for postoperative MRI in detecting cholesteatoma recidivism.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a meta\u2010analysis systematic review of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane between 2013 and 2024 following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta\u2010analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The positive MRI rate over time was estimated for each study separately and then pooled across studies using weighted averages of the ears studied. Data were plotted against time with a smoothed curve and 95% confidence intervals. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle\u2010Ottawa Scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We identified 525\u00a0studies, of which 16 studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising 1187 patients. The pooled MRI positivity rates at standardized follow\u2010up intervals were 12% at 1 month, 19% at 6 months, and 15% at 12 months. Positivity increased to 22% at 24 months, then declined to 12% at 36 months, followed by a secondary peak of 21% at 48 months, and 13% at 60 months. Canal wall up procedure demonstrated significantly higher MRI positive rates than obliteration procedures at both 12 months (22% vs 7%) and 36 months (18% vs 9%). At 12 months, the pooled MRI positivity rate was 16% (95% CI: 6%\u201038%,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 91%) in adults and 20% (95% CI: 7%\u201047%,\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      = 88%) in children.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings support performing the first routine non\u2010EPI DWI MRI at 12 to 24 months postoperatively. Given the slow\u2010growing nature of cholesteatoma and stable recurrence rates beyond this period, follow\u2010up imaging can be performed at 2\u2010year intervals thereafter in patients with a negative initial scan, yet continued for at least 5 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T19:45:18Z","timestamp":1774813518000},"page":"1410-1420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Defining the Timing of Radiological Follow\u2010Up for Detection of Cholesteatoma Recidivism: A Meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"174","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5714-5452","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amit","family":"Wolfovitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Sheba Medical Center Tel\u2010Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ella","family":"Segal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Sheba Medical Center Tel\u2010Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Havi","family":"Murad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Biomathematics Unit, Data &amp; Analytics Division Sheba Medical Center Tel\u2010Hashomer Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nirit","family":"Agay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Biomathematics Unit, Data &amp; Analytics Division Sheba Medical Center Tel\u2010Hashomer Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3297-7022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Idit","family":"Tessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Sheba Medical Center Tel\u2010Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 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