{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:28:50Z","timestamp":1783020530581,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371126"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371126"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012476","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Central South University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025ZZTS0785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025ZZTS0785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012476","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) exhibits a high rate of postoperative recurrence, yet the histopathological determinants are not well defined. This study investigated recurrence\u2010associated pathology to elucidate persistent disease mechanisms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective clinical study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Recurrent group and non\u2010recurrent group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>228 pediatric CRSwNP patients were included, and clinical variables and histopathological features were systematically assessed. All patients were followed for more than 2 years and classified as recurrent CRSwNP (rCRSwNP) or nonrecurrent CRSwNP (non\u2010rCRSwNP). Associations between clinicopathological characteristics and postoperative recurrence were evaluated using Cox regression and Kaplan\u2010Meier survival analyses.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on follow\u2010up results, 153 pediatric patients were categorized into the rCRSwNP group and 75 patients were divided into non\u2010rCRSwNP group. Baseline demographic did not differ significantly between groups, while comorbid allergic rhinitis was more frequent in rCRSwNP group. Histopathological analysis revealed that goblet cell hyperplasia and basement membrane thickening were more pronounced in the rCRSwNP group compared to the non\u2010rCRSwNP group. Cox regression analyses identified the severity of goblet cell hyperplasia as an independent risk factor for CRSwNP recurrence. Kaplan\u2010Meier analysis further showed that moderate to severe goblet cell hyperplasia was associated with significantly higher postoperative recurrence risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Histopathological profiling indicated that pediatric rCRSwNP was characterized by basement membrane thickening and goblet cell hyperplasia. The degree of goblet cell hyperplasia independently predicts postoperative recurrence, providing a clinically actionable marker for identifying high\u2010risk patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T13:22:52Z","timestamp":1776172972000},"page":"223-231","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Histopathological Signatures Associated With Postoperative Recurrence in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"175","author":[{"given":"Shenghao","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy Laboratory of Division of Nose and Cranial Base, Clinical Anatomy Center of Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongjing","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City) Changde China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lai","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy Laboratory of Division of Nose and Cranial Base, Clinical Anatomy Center of Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haoxiang","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy Laboratory of Division of Nose and Cranial Base, Clinical Anatomy Center of Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy Laboratory of Division of Nose and Cranial Base, Clinical Anatomy Center of Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy Laboratory of Division of Nose and Cranial Base, Clinical Anatomy Center of Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihai","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Otolaryngology Critical Diseases Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Changsha China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Anatomy 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