{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T19:16:00Z","timestamp":1788030960783,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) affects all sociodemographic groups. While studies have explored social determinants of health (SDOH), sociodemographics, and health behaviors, their specific effects on CRS outcomes are unclear, making tailored care difficult. This review examines how these \u201cLife\u2010Context\u201d factors influence 22\u2010item Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT\u201022) scores before and after treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data Sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines, searching Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science through 12\/2024.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Review Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eligible CRS studies with comparison groups reporting SNOT\u201022 outcomes were reviewed. Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool assessed bias. Random\u2010effects meta\u2010analysis estimated the pooled effect on SNOT\u201022 when two studies reported comparable cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 3180 records identified, 61 studies met inclusion criteria. Females had worse baseline SNOT\u201022 scores, but similar improvements postsurgery as males (baseline SMD\u2009=\u20090.30, 95% CI: 0.24\u20100.36; 2\u2010years postsurgery: SMD\u2009=\u20090.04, 95% CI: \u22120.33\u20100.41). Younger patients often had higher baseline SNOT\u201022. Race and ethnicity data were limited and variable; no significant differences were found. Education and income showed inconsistent links to SNOT\u201022 scores. Medicaid and private insurance patients had worse baseline scores than Medicare (SMD\u2009=\u20090.81, 95% CI: 0.48\u20101.15 and 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10\u20100.49, respectively). Smokers had worse SNOT\u201022 (SMD\u2009=\u20090.37, 95% CI: 0.22\u20100.53). Environmental factors showed weak, inconsistent effects. There is limited data on food security, social support, and care access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Various Life\u2010Context factors influence CRS and affect SNOT\u201022 outcomes. Specifically, factors like sex, ethnicity, insurance status, and smoking impact these outcomes. Variability in studies and reporting methods hinder clear conclusions. Standardized data collection on these factors is vital for improving understanding and ensuring equitable care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/ohn.70311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T10:42:56Z","timestamp":1781606576000},"page":"556-570","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Life\u2010Context Factors on Chronic Rhinosinusitis 22\u2010Item Sinonasal Outcomes Test: Systematic Review + Meta\u2010Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"175","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2312-9209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kassandra M.","family":"Jade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6687-788X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George A.","family":"Scangas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3221-126X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria S.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Illinois Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4981-2096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li\u2010Xing","family":"Man","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1812-2105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edward D.","family":"McCoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Ochsner Health New Orleans Los Angeles USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5015-6125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anahita","family":"Nourmahnad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John M.","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Services, Louis Calder Memorial Library University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0690-7223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Corinna G.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"MagnanS. 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